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Red Bull:

Red Bull and other popular energy drinks is safe and that the amount of caffeine in standard Red Bull cans is unlikely to interact adversely with other typical constituents of energy drinks or with alcohol. Energy drinks have the effects that caffeine and sugar give, but there is no distinct evidence that the wide variety of other ingredients has any effect.

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Chemical properties and Physical properties

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Chemical properties and Physical properties

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Chemical properties:
1) Sodium sulfate is very stable, being unreactive toward most oxidizing or reducing agents at normal temperatures. At high temperatures, it can be converted to sodium sulfide by carbothermal reduction
Na₂SO₄ + 2 C → Na₂S + 2 CO₂

2) Sodium sulfate is a neutral salt: its aqueous solutions exhibit a pH of 7. The neutrality of such solutions reflects the fact that sulfate is derived, formally, from the strong acid sulfuric acid. Furthermore, the Na+ ion, with only a single positive charge, only weakly polarizes its water ligands provided there are metal ions in solution. Sodium sulfate reacts with sulfuric acid to give the acid salt sodium bisulfate.

Physical properties:
Sodium sulfate has unusual solubility characteristics in water. Its solubility in water rises more than tenfold between 0 °C to 32.384 °C, where it reaches a maximum of 49.7 g/100 ml. At this point the solubility curve changes slope, and the solubility becomes almost independent of temperature. This temperature at 32.384 °C, corresponding to the release of crystal water and melting of the hydrated salt, serves as an accurate temperature reference for thermometer calibration.

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Purpose of including the ingredient in the product

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Purpose of including the ingredient in the product

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The most important chemical sodium sulfate production is during hydrochloric acid production, either from sodium chloride (salt) and sulfuric acid, in the Mannheim process, or from sulfur dioxide in the Hargreaves process. The resulting sodium sulfate from these processes is known as salt cake.

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it can be made by the rxn of sulphuric acid H2SO4 with sodium hydroxide NaOH
acid+base----> salt +water
2 NaOH+ H2SO4-----> Na2SO4+ 2 H2O
so you can mix equal amounts of (2M NaOH) and (1M H2SO4)
or same concentration of both but you have to double the amount of NaOH
then heat the product to evaporate the water and ur left with Na2SO4 which is of course sodium sulphate

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Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, and its evil counterpart Sodium Laureth Sulfate, are both incredibly strong detergents found in many personal care products and industrial cleaners including shampoo, soap, dish detergent, laundry soap, toothpaste, and more. For the sake of this article, I’ll be referring to the chemicals by their abbreviation, SLSand SLES.

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Chemical formula of the Sodium sulfate:Na₂SO₄

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Introduction: Sodium sulfate (also known as sodium sulphate or sulfate of soda) is the inorganic compound with formula Na₂SO₄ as well as several related hydrates. All forms are white solids that are highly soluble in water. With an annual production of 6 million tonnes, the decahydrate is a major commodity chemical product. It is mainly used for the manufacture of detergents and in the kraft process of paper pulping.

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Taurine is derived from cysteine. Mammalian taurine synthesis occurs in the pancreas via the cysteine sulfinic acid pathway. In this pathway, cysteine is first oxidized to its sulfinic acid, catalyzed by the enzyme cysteine dioxygenase. Cysteine sulfinic acid, in turn, is decarboxylated by sulfinoalanine decarboxylase to form hypotaurine. Hypotaurine is enzymatically oxidized to yield taurine by hypotaurine dehydrogenase.

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Purpose of including the ingredient in the product

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Purpose of including the ingredient in the product

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Taurine is an amino acid found in the body, particularly in the heart, brain, eyes, and muscles. Although our bodies can make taurine, the main food sources are meat, fish, and dairy. A synthetic form of taurine is a key ingredient in supplements and energy drinks such as Red Bull.

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1) Taurine is an amino acid, but not an essential amino acid, which needs to come from your diet. It’s actually referred to as a conditional amino acid, which means that it’s made by the body and is mostly found in the heart and in the brain.

2) Contrary to popular belief, taurine is not derived from bull’s testicles although it can be found in the bile of a bull as well as in female cattle. Taurine is also commonly found in food sources such as meat and fish, but is often synthetically made for commercial products like energy drinks and supplements.

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Chemical formula of the taurine: C₂H₇NO₃S

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introduction: Taurine or 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, is an organic compound that is widely distributed in animal tissues.

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Purpose of including the ingredient in the product

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Purpose of including the ingredient in the product

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Citric acid is found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. High concentrations of it are found in lemons and limes. The natural preservative is often used to add a sour taste to foods and soft drinks. It is used in laxatives and in combination with acetaminophen and sodium bicarbonate as a medicine to relieve heartburn and acid indigestion. Medicine may be taken several times a day or for a few days. However, taking too much citric acid can create a variety of problems.

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Chemical properties and Physical properties

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Chemical properties and Physical properties

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Physical properties:
1) Citric acid is found as odorless and colorless crystals with an acidic taste.
2) The solid has density of 1.66 g/mL, melting point of 153 °C and boiling point of 175 °C. It is highly soluble in water to give an acidic, sour tasting solution.

chemical properties:
1) Citric acid is a weak organic acid. It is a tribasic acid, as it has three COOH groups that can react with three base molecules.
2) It commonly exists as anhydrous (water-free) form or as a monohydrate (with one molecule of water). The monohydrate can be converted to the anhydrous form when it is heated to about 78 °C. When heated to temperatures above 175 °C, it decomposes with loss of carbon dioxide. Citric acid readily forms citrate complexes with metallic cations.

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Start a culture of Aspergillus niger. This fungus is very common in nature and specific strains have been developed which have a very high production rate of citric acid. These strains are available wherever science and agricultural supplies are sold.

Feed the culture of A. niger simple sugar. This may be sucrose (table sugar) or some medium that contains glucose. The source is typically the most inexpensive source of sugar available, such as hydrolyzed corn starch, corn syrup or molasses. A. niger uses the glucose as food and produces citric acid and carbon dioxide (C02) as waste products.
Filter the mold out of the culture once the concentration of citric acid in the culture peaks. The remaining solution will be very high in citric acid.

Extract the citric acid. Add calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] to the solution. It will combine with the citric acid to form calcium citrate Ca₃(C₆H₅O₇)₂, a salt that will precipitate out of the solution. The following equation shows this reaction: 3Ca(OH)₂ + 2C₃H₄[COOH]₃OH -> Ca₃(C₆H₅O₇)₂ + 3H₂.

Regenerate the citric acid with sulfuric acid. The following equation shows this reaction: 3H₂SO₄ + Ca₃(C₆H₅O₇)₂ -> 2C₃H₄[COOH]₃OH + 3CaS0₄. Note the additional product of calcium sulfate (CaSO₄).
if you want know more about this, please click this website: https://sciencing.com/make-citric-acid-2381.html

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1) Citric acid and sodium citrate are both alkalinizing agents that make the urine less acidic.

2) The combination of citric acid and sodium citrate is used to prevent gout or kidney stones, or metabolic acidosis in people with kidney problems.

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Chemical formula of  the citric acid: C₆H₈O₇

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Introduction:

Citric acid is a weak organic acid that has the chemical formula C₆H₈O₇. It occurs naturally in citrus fruits. In biochemistry, it is an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism of all aerobic organisms.

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Monster energy

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citric acid, taurine, Sodium sulfate

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Water, white sugar, glucose, food flavor, citric acid, Sodium sulfate, carbon dioxide, black tea concentrate, ginseng powder, taurine, L-carnitine tartrate, potassium citrate, potassium sorbate, green tea concentrate, coffee Bean concentrate, sucralose, sodium benzoate, grape skin red, edible salt, niacinamide, lemon yellow, vitamin B6, vitamin B12