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Think about the different subheadings that you will have in your brochure. Be sure that your research is supporting those subheadings. Also please keep track of the new vocabulary terms you are learning during your research. I will teach you how to include these terms in a word cloud! 

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www.wordart.com
www.wordle.com
www.tagxedo.com

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This is a book about 2 animals thats names are bobby, and they somehow survive Hurricane katrina. get the book to get the whole scoop its a must read book!!

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This is a book about 2 animals thats names are bobby, and they somehow survive Hurricane katrina. get the book to get the whole scoop its a must read book!!

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Mardi Gras masks in traditional green, purple and my favorite GOLD

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Mardi Gras masks in traditional green, purple and my favorite GOLD

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the year hurricane katrina hit, the saints  had a 3-13 record that the saints only had in 1996 and 1999 [bad]

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the year hurricane katrina hit, the saints  had a 3-13 record that the saints only had in 1996 and 1999 [bad]

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This tells you about Mardi Gras and why it is celebrated.

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This tells you about Mardi Gras and why it is celebrated.

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Mardi Gras

Also called

Fat Tuesday, Shrove Tuesday, Pancake Tuesday

Type

Christian, Cultural

Significance

Celebration period before fasting season of Lent

Celebrations

Parades, parties

Date

Day before Ash Wednesday, 47 days before Easter, 2 days after Shrove Sunday

2022 date

1 March

2023 date

21 February

2024 date

13 February

2025 date

4 March

Frequency

Annual

Related to

Shrove Tuesday, Carnival, Shrove Monday, Shrovetide, Ash Wednesday, Lent, Užgavėnės, Maslenitsa,

Mardi Gras (, ) refers to events of the Carnival celebration, beginning on or after the Christian feasts of the Epiphany (Three Kings Day) and culminating on the day before Ash Wednesday, which is known as Shrove Tuesday. Mardi Gras is French for " Fat Tuesday", reflecting the practice of the last night of eating rich, fatty foods before the ritual Lenten sacrifices and fasting of the Lenten season.

Related popular practices are associated with Shrovetide celebrations before the fasting and religious obligations associated with the penitential season of Lent. In countries such as the United Kingdom, Mardi Gras is more usually known as Pancake Day or (traditionally) Shrove Tuesday, derived from the word shrive, meaning "to administer the sacrament of confession to; to absolve".

Traditions

The festival season varies from city to city, as some traditions, such as the one in New Orleans, Louisiana, consider Mardi Gras to stretch the entire period from Twelfth Night (the last night of Christmas which begins Epiphany) to Ash Wednesday. Others treat the final three-day period before Ash Wednesday as the Mardi Gras.

In Mobile, Alabama, Mardi Gras- associated social events begin in November, followed by mystic society balls New Year's Eve, followed by parades and balls in January and February, celebrating up to midnight before Ash Wednesday. In earlier times, parades were held on New Year's Day. Carnival is an important celebration in Anglican and Catholic European nations.

Mardi Gras in Dakar, Senegal

Mardi Gras in Marseille, France

Mardi Gras in Binche, Belgium

The three-day Carnival of Binche, near Mons, is one of the best known in Belgium. It takes place around Shrove Tuesday (or Mardi Gras) just before Lent. Performers known as Gilles wear elaborate costumes in the national colours of red, black and yellow. During the parade, they throw oranges at the crowd. In 2003, it was recognized by UNESCO as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.

Czech Republic

In the Czech Republic, it is a folk tradition to celebrate Mardi Gras, which is called Masopust (meat-fast, i.e. beginning of the fast there). There are celebrations in many places including Prague, but the tradition also prevails in villages such as Staré Hamry, whose door-to-door processions made it to the UNESCO World Intangible Cultural Heritage List.

The celebration on the same day in Germany knows many different terms, such as Schmutziger Donnerstag or Fetter Donnerstag ( Fat Thursday), Unsinniger Donnerstag, Weiberfastnacht, Greesentag and others, and are often only one part of the whole carnival events during one or even two weeks before Ash Wednesday be called Karneval, Fasching, or Fastnacht among others, depending on the region. In standard German, schmutzig means "dirty", but in the Alemannic dialects schmotzig means "lard" ( Schmalz), or "fat"; "Greasy Thursday", as remaining winter stores of lard and butter used to be consumed at that time, before the fasting began. Fastnacht means "Eve of the Fast", but all three terms cover the whole carnival season. The traditional start of the carnival season is on 11 November at 11:11 am (11/11 11:11).[citation needed ]

In Italy Mardi Gras is called Martedì Grasso (Fat Tuesday). It is the main day of Carnival along with the Thursday before, called Giovedí Grasso (Fat Thursday), which ratifies the start of the celebrations. The most famous Carnivals in northern Italy are in Venice, Viareggio and Ivrea, while in the southern part of Italy the Sardinian Sartiglia and the intriguing apotropaic masks, especially the mamuthones, issohadores, s'urtzu (and so on), are more popular, belonging to a very ancient tradition. Ivrea has the characteristic " Battle of Oranges" that finds its roots in medieval times. The Italian version of the festival is spelled Carnevale.

In Sweden the celebration is called Fettisdagen, when fastlagsbulle is eaten, more commonly called Semla. The name comes from the words "fett" (fat) and "tisdag" (Tuesday). Originally, this was the only day one should eat fastlagsbullar.

United States

While not observed nationally throughout the United States, a number of historically ethnically French cities and regions in the country have notable celebrations. Mardi Gras arrived in North America as a French Catholic tradition with the Le Moyne brothers, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville and Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville, in the late 17th century, when King Louis XIV sent the pair to defend France's claim on the territory of , which included what are now the U.S. states of Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and part of eastern Texas.

The expedition, led by Iberville, entered the mouth of the Mississippi River on the evening of 2 March 1699 (new style), Lundi Gras. They did not yet know it was the river explored and claimed for France by René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle in 1683. The party proceeded upstream to a place on the east bank about 60 miles (100 km) downriver from where New Orleans is today, and made camp. This was on 3 March 1699, Mardi Gras, so in honour of this holiday, Iberville named the spot Point du Mardi Gras (French: "Mardi Gras Point") and called the nearby tributary Bayou Mardi Gras.

Bienville went on to found the settlement of Mobile, Alabama in 1702 as the first capital of French Louisiana. In 1703 French settlers in Mobile established the first organised Mardi Gras celebration tradition in what was to become the United States. The first informal mystic society, or krewe, was formed in Mobile in 1711, the Boeuf Gras Society. Then came the Striker's Independent Society in 1842, followed by the oldest parading mystic society the Order of Myths or "OOMs" in 1867.

In 1720, Biloxi had been made capital of Louisiana. The French Mardi Gras customs had accompanied the colonists who settled there.

Knights of Revelry parade down Royal Street in Mobile during the 2010 Mardi Gras season.

In 1723, the capital of Louisiana was moved to New Orleans, founded in 1718. The first Mardi Gras parade held in New Orleans is recorded to have taken place in 1833 with Bernard de Marigny funding the first organized parade, tableau, and ball. The tradition in New Orleans expanded to the point that it became synonymous with the city in popular perception, and embraced by residents of New Orleans beyond those of French or Catholic heritage. Mardi Gras celebrations are part of the basis of the slogan Laissez les bons temps rouler ("Let the good times roll"), as floats "roll."[failed verification ]

Festivities formally began in 1853 when a group of anglo-american men, some members of Mobile Mystic Societies, formed the first "old-line" krewe, The Mistick Krewe of Comus, based on Bernard de Marigny's 1833 parade of paper-mached wagons, a formal tableau vivant and presentation of debutants, followed by a formal ball. The Twelfth Night Revelers were formed in 1870, again with ties to Mobile, but no longer stage a parade, just tableau and ball. The Knights of Momus and Rex came about in 1872, with the last of the old-line krewes the Krewe of Proteus being formed 10 years later. Of these 5 groups only Rex and Proteus still formally parade, with the Knights of Chaos replacing Momus.

The parades of the largest krewes (colloquially known as "super krewes") came later, during the 1960's/70's, and traditionally occur immediately prior to and on Shrove Tuesday, including those of Endymion (Saturday, which also culminates with a concert event at Caesars Superdome), Bacchus (Sunday), and Zulu and Rex (Tuesday).

Other cities along the Gulf Coast with early French colonial heritage, from Pensacola, Florida; Galveston, Texas; to Lake Charles and Lafayette, Louisiana; and north to Natchez, Mississippi and Alexandria, Louisiana, have active Mardi Gras celebrations.[citation needed ]

Galveston's first recorded Mardi Gras celebration, in 1867, included a masked ball at Turner Hall (Sealy at 21st St.) and a theatrical performance from Shakespeare's "King Henry IV" featuring Alvan Reed (a justice of the peace weighing in at 350 pounds) as Falstaff. The first year that Mardi Gras was celebrated on a grand scale in Galveston was 1871 with the emergence of two rival Mardi Gras societies, or "Krewes" called the Knights of Momus (known only by the initials "K.O.M.") and the Knights of Myth, both of which devised night parades, masked balls, exquisite costumes and elaborate invitations. The Knights of Momus, led by some prominent Galvestonians, decorated horse-drawn wagons for a torch lit night parade. Boasting such themes as "The Crusades," "Peter the Great," and "Ancient France," the procession through downtown Galveston culminated at Turner Hall with a presentation of tableaux and a grand gala.[citation needed ]

In the rural Acadiana area, many Cajuns celebrate with the Courir de Mardi Gras, a tradition that dates to medieval celebrations in France.

St. Louis, Missouri, founded in 1764 by French fur traders, claims to host the second largest Mardi Gras celebration in the United States. The celebration is held in the historic French neighborhood, Soulard, and attracts hundreds of thousands of people from around the country. Although founded in the 1760s, the St. Louis Mardi Gras festivities only date to the 1980s. The city's celebration begins with "12th night," held on Epiphany, and ends on Fat Tuesday. The season is peppered with various parades celebrating the city's rich French Catholic heritage.

Mardi Gras in New Orleans in 1937

Mardi Gras, as a celebration of life before the more-somber occasion of Ash Wednesday, nearly always involves the use of masks and costumes by its participants, and the most popular celebratory colors are purple, green, and gold. In New Orleans, for example, these often take the shape of fairies, animals, people from myths, or various Medieval costumes as well as clowns and Indians ( Native Americans).

Many costumes today are simply elaborate creations of colored feathers and capes. Unlike Halloween costumery, Mardi Gras costumes are not usually associated with such things as zombies, mummies, bats, blood, and the like, though death may be a theme in some. The Venice tradition has brought golden masks into the usual round of costumes.

Exposure by women

A topless woman at a coffee house, Mardi Gras Day in New Orleans, 2009

Women exposing their breasts during Mardi Gras in New Orleans, US, has been documented since 1889, when the Times-Democrat decried the "degree of immodesty exhibited by nearly all female masqueraders seen on the streets." The practice was mostly limited to tourists in the upper Bourbon Street area. In the crowded streets of the French Quarter, generally avoided by locals on Mardi Gras Day, flashers on balconies cause crowds to form on the streets.[citation needed ]

In the last decades of the 20th century, the rise in producing commercial videotapes catering to voyeurs helped encourage a tradition of women baring their breasts in exchange for beads and trinkets. Social scientists studying "ritual disrobement" found, at Mardi Gras 1991, 1,200 instances of body-baring in exchange for beads or other favors.

References

1. Melitta Weiss Adamson, Francine Segan (2008). Entertaining from Ancient Rome to the Super Bowl. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313086892. In Anglican countries, Mardis Gras is known as Shrove Tuesday-from shrive meaning "confess"-or Pancake Day-after the breakfast food that symbolizes one final hearty meal of eggs, butter, milk and sugar before the fast. On Ash Wednesday, the morning after Mardi Gras, repentant Christians return to church to receive upon the forehead the sign of the cross in ashes.

2. ^ "Mardi Gras Terminology". Mobile Bay Convention & Visitors Bureau. Archived from the original on 9 December 2007.

3. ^ Wilds, John; Charles L. Dufour; Walter G. Cowan (1996). Louisiana, Yesterday and Today: A Historical Guide to the State. Baton Rouge: LSU Press. p. 157. ISBN 978-0807118931.

4. "Mobile Carnival Association, 1927", MardiGrasDigest.com, 2006, webpage: ^ mardigrasdigest-Mobile "Mobile Carnival Association". Archived from the original on 7 March 2006.

5. ^ Cole, Leanne Logan & Geert (2007). Lonely Planet Belgium & Luxembourg (3. ed.). Footscray (Victoria): Lonely Planet. p. 223. ISBN 978-1-74104-237-5.

6. ^ "New Orleans & Mardi Gras History Timeline " (event list), Mardi Gras Digest, 2005, webpage: MG-time Archived 24 November 2010 at the Wayback Machine

7. "Timeline 18th Century:" (events), Timelines of History, 2007, webpage: TLine-1700-1724: on "1702-1711" of Mobile.

8. "Mardi Gras in Mobile" (history), ^ Jeff Sessions, Senator, Library of Congress, 2006, webpage:LibCongress-2665.

9. "Mardi Gras" (history), Mobile Bay Convention & Visitors Bureau, 2007, webpage: ^ MGmobile.

10. ^ Barry Jean Ancelet (1989). Capitaine, voyage ton flag : The Traditional Cajun Country Mardi Gras. Center for Louisiana Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana. ISBN 0-940984-46-6.

11. Sparks, R. ^ "American Sodom: New Orleans Faces Its Critics and an Uncertain Future". La Louisiane à la dérive. The École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales Coloquio. 16 December 2005.

12. Shrum, W. and J. Kilburn. "Ritual Disrobement at Mardi Gras: Ceremonial Exchange and Moral Order". Social Forces, Vol. 75, No. 2. (Dec. 1996), pp. 423-458.

External links

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Mardi Gras Also called Fat Tuesday, Shrove Tuesday, Pancake Tuesday Type Christian, Cultural Significance Celebration period before fasting season of Lent Celebrations Parades, parties Date Day before Ash Wednesday, 47 days before Easter, 2 days after Shrove Sunday 2022 date 1 March 2023 date 21 February 2024 date 13 February

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The effect of the hurricane cost the state $70 BILLION dollars to re-build it!Thats a LOT of money!

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Yesterday the Saints demolished the Eagels

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The people in this group are:

Sebastian, Caleb Lu, Roger, and Wes.

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Lamar Jackson expected to start for Ravens, Eagles look to stop Saints in Week 11

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November 19 Follow along here for frequent updates and developments from all of Sunday's NFL games. Check back after "Sunday Night Football" for a look at the biggest moments and trends to watch. With Joe Flacco nursing a hip injury and their season teetering at 4-5, the Ravens are making a change at quarterback with their hand forced by a hip injury to Joe Flacco.

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king cake is yellow purple and green

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people that do mardi gras wear purple,green and yellow

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The Saints

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New Orleans may have a reputation for Mardi Gras and late-night jazz concerts, but the Big Easy is also an ideal destination for families with kids. With a vibrant food scene, a walkable downtown, and a system of streetcars that make transportation a breeze, New Orleans offers an array of child-friendly activities that you won't find anywhere else in the United States.

Outdoorsy types will appreciate NOLA's many parks and nature-focused destinations; families can kayak along the bayou or explore a larger-than-life storybrook playground. And just because you're with kiddos doesn't mean you have to miss out on Cajun culture: We've identified the best cemetery tours, jazz venues, and even bookstores that cater to the under-18 crowd.

Finally, from the National World War II Museum to the world-class New Orleans Museum of Art, there is plenty for both adults and kids to do in the city's museums. Another great part about visiting New Orleans: with the exception of the hot and humid months of July and August, there's really no bad time to enjoy the Big Easy. Expect mild temperatures in the winter-with the occasional cold snap-and downright enviable weather in the fall and spring.

Behold, the 23 best places in New Orleans for families and kids.

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The 23 best things to do in New Orleans with kids

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New Orleans may have a reputation for Mardi Gras and late-night jazz concerts, but the Big Easy is also an ideal destination for families with kids. With a vibrant food scene, a walkable downtown, and a system of streetcars that make transportation a breeze, New Orleans offers an array of child-friendly activities that you won't find anywhere else in the United States.

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To eat in New Orleans is to experience the most vibrant and unique culture within our nation's borders. New Orleanians do not eat to live, they live to eat, and their love for food is infectious. The city's "let the good times roll" attitude and hospitable nature are demonstrated by locals' eagerness to show visitors what makes their food second to none.

While the city's culinary scene is rooted in savory, soulful Creole and Cajun foods, it is constantly evolving to adopt new flavors and cuisines. Since one could spend an entire lifetime eating in the Big Easy without tasting a bad meal, it can often be difficult to navigate the plethora of restaurants and dishes. Therefore, we've crafted this extensive list of 50 things you must eat in New Orleans before you die. Just don't expect to leave the city (or conquer this list) without gaining a few pounds...

Tourists from far and wide pack the walls of famous Cafe du Monde daily to sample this quintessential New Orleans treat. These fried dough fritters topped with powdered sugar absolutely must be accompanied by a hot cup of cafe-au-lait. There's simply no other way.

2. Shrimp and Alligator Sausage Cheesecake at Jacques-Imo's

Nothing says welcome to the Bayou like some good ol' gator. This famous quiche-like appetizer stuffed with alligator sausage and shrimp, and topped with a rich and creamy mustard sauce is the perfect start to a Southern feast.

3. Bananas Foster at Brennan's

What better place to sample this dessert, made of flambéed bananas, vanilla ice cream, and a sauce of brown sugar, cinnamon, rum, and banana liqueur, than the restaurant where it was born?

4. Grilled Cauliflower Steak at Domenica

Okay, we know veggies might not be the first thing that comes to mind when you think New Orleans cuisine, but this whole grilled cauliflower is unlike any vegetable you've ever had. Also, don't be ashamed if you find yourself eating the side of whipped feta by the spoonful.

Serious props to the genius who conceived this divine flavor combo. Between the gooey melted brie, warm and tart blueberries, and perfectly fluffy waffles, you'll be on cloud nine after the very first bite.

6. Maiz de la Rueda at Maïs Arepas

Translating to "corn wheel," this traditional Mexican corn-on-the-cob dish, topped with spicy butter, salsa rosado, and cotija cheese, will leave you wanting más más más.

7. Fried Shrimp Po-Boy at Domilise's

The components of a quality po-boy? A fluffy french bread loaf overflowing with fried seafood or meat, and dressed with shredded lettuce, tomato, and mayo. If you're looking for a true classic, get yourself a fried shrimp po-boy from this near 100 year-old establishment.

8. Double Chocolate Bread Pudding at Red Fish Grill

If death by chocolate was a thing, this sinful dessert would surely kill you. This dessert is so exquisite that it must be ordered ahead of time, with your meal. All your troubles will drift away as you watch the waiter pour the melted white and dark chocolate all over your already decadent bread pudding.

This iconic family-run restaurant serves up a variety of traditional southern delicacies, but their famous "America's best" fried chicken is what people come from all over to taste. With golden, crispy breading surrounding the juicy, dense meat, this is exactly how all fried chicken should be.

Bet you didn't know that your favorite girl scout cookie was even better as a doughnut. Bite into the light, airy dough and out will pour the rich coconut cream, making all your dreams come true.

11. Shrimp & Grits at Lüke

While you can sample this southern classic at numerous restaurants throughout the city, no one masters this dish quite like Chef John Besh, who combines fresh gulf shrimp, creamy and rich grits, mascarpone cheese, and spicy Creole seasonings to provide a sensory experience with every bite.

12. Crispy Chicken Confit & French Toast at Apolline

An unlikely pair, a crispy chicken leg & warm maple-butter french toast come together harmoniously in Chef Matt Farmer's unique twist on the classic chicken & waffles brunch dish that has risen to popularity in recent years.

13. Laurence Fish Burger at Cowbell

A secret of this burger joint is its special burger composed of red fish and gulf shrimp topped with spicy remoulade and sprouts, which is available only on Friday's. If you save enough room you'll surely want to try their heavenly mac and cheese, as well.

You may have had a beignet before, or sampled the sugary crunch of a praline, but the fusion of these two treats is like nothing you've ever tasted. The experience of biting into this warm, fluffy, gooey goodness is 100% worth the sugar coma that follows.

Not only is Commander's regarded as the ultimate fine-dining experience, but this New Orleans institution is also one of the last few restaurants in the country to serve up this once popular Southern delicacy consisting of a thick, rich stew, turtle meat (which is said to embody the flavor of seven types of meat), and an array of vegetables and spices.

16. Krispy Kreme Bread Pudding at Boucherie

Yes, you read that right. America's favorite doughnut in bread pudding form. Chef Nathaniel Zimet once tried to retire this over-the-top dessert from the menu, as he found it too decadent, but due to public protest it still remains as one of the restaurant's most popular menu items today.

17. Pita Bread & Curry Fried Cauliflower Hummus at Shaya

Have you ever wondered what it feels like to bite into a cloud? Maybe you haven't, but by tasting this exquisitely fluffy pita bread you'll never have to wonder. Pair it with one of his exotic hummuses, like curry fried cauliflower, and you've got quite the tag team. The avocado toast with smoked whitefish is also an absolute must.

18. Charbroiled Oysters at Drago's

This seafood restaurant's claim to fame? Mouthwatering oysters grilled in their shells over an open fire and topped with melted butter, garlic, cheese, and seasoning. There's simply no better way to consume oysters.

Move aside Big Mac. This double pork patty topped with cheese, lettuce, pickles, and "special sauce" is almost too much to handle. Key word: Almost.

This James Beard Award-winning restaurant serves up elegant French and New Orleans style dishes with a twist. Their savory seafood take on the classic sweet beignet is something you absolutely won't want to miss.

21. Aebleskeivers at Toast

What's better than a hot stack of pancakes? How bout some fluffy spherical pancakes served with your choice caramel sauce, Nutella, or maple syrup? No need to take a trip to Europe to sample this Danish breakfast treat.

22. Whole Fish at Peche

Named the Best New Restaurant in America in 2014, Peche serves the tastiest seafood you can imagine. While you'll essentially be in food heaven ordering anything here, why not go big with a whole fish for the table?

23. Jambalaya at Mother's

This Creole dish, which can be thought of as paella's distant cousin, is comprised of the "holy trinity" (onion, celery, and bell pepper), tomatoes, rice, stock, a multitude of seasonings and meat, seafood, or both. While you can find versions of this emblematic New Orleans dish throughout the city, Mother's has it perfected.

NOLA's classic Italian sandwich was invented at this French Quarter speciality market over 100 years ago. Layers of marinated olive salad, mortadella, salami, ham, and provolone make up this sandwich. Given the monstrous side, you may want to enlist help in conquering this beast.

24. Lavender Honey Ice Cream at Creole Creamery

Fear not, the taste of this unusual flavor is not reminiscent of hand soap. Instead it has a light, floral taste will keep you coming back for more.

This flavorful seafood dish is responsible for bringing fame to this Uptown neighborhood restaurant for decades. Perfectly cooked and bursting with sweet and spicy flavor, we promise you've never had shrimp like this.

26. Yellowfin Tuna Cones at Sobou

This unique appetizer, comprised of avocado basil ice cream and yellowfin pineapple tartare, is so good that it's landed a spot on Food & Wine's list of the best avocado dishes in the America.

Locals, students, and tourists flock to this funky Bywater diner for creative, yet familiar Southern comfort food. We recommend the praline bacon for an ultimate salty vs. sweet showdown.

While technically any flavor you order at this beloved NOLA establishment will be amazing, the Nectar flavor is one of the most popular, and if you don't order it with condensed milk on top, you're just plain silly.

Your order at this famous Mid-City po-boy joint (which also happens to have Obama's stamp of approval) is a no-brainer - the Surf & Turf Po-Boy, which brings you the best of both worlds, with slow-cooked roast beef AND golden fried shrimp.

30. Bananas Foster French Toast at Surrey's

We've introduced you to Bananas Foster, and now it's time for you to meet the equally decadent breakfast version. Because who says you can't start the day with dessert?

31. Chef's Special at Dat Dog

Even if you're not a hot dog person, you can certainly be a Dat Dog person. At this gourmet hot dog shop, the usually rubbery and mystery dog is replaced by a gourmet sausage, with options ranging from Italian, to kielbasa, to German, and so much more. Can't decide what toppings you want? Opt for the Chef's Special, which changes daily and never disappoints.

This iconic dish is often what people first visualize when they imagine New Orleans food. The beauty of gumbo is not in its appearance, but rather in its rich, soulful flavors. At Galatoire's crabmeat, shrimp, tomatoes, onions, celery, and okra make up the perfect Louisiana gumbo.

This juicy patty topped with American cheese, homemade bread and butter pickles, and red onions, is so outstanding that Thrillist has declared it one of the best burgers in America.

This hot mess of a plate just might be the best hangover cure in the world. Comprised of two potato latkes topped with eggs your way, spinach, crawfish etouffee, and a warm biscuit, the Jewish Coonass is certainly a force to be reckoned with. Honorable mention goes to the sweet potato pancakes, arguably the best you will ever have.

If you walk into District in search of a killer hand pie, but can't resist the glistening cinnamon roll staring at you, don't feel guilty. It's inevitable. Pair it with a Vietnamese iced coffee (on tap) and you've got a killer breakfast duo.

These Vietnamese tacos on a bao steamed bun are crazy good and super cheap, meaning you can try a few of the many different filling options. Our favorites include sweet chili shrimp and coconut curry chicken.

37. Baked Alaska at Antoine's

Ice cream encased in pound cake with torched meringue on top.... need we say more? Make sure to order this extravagant dessert in advance with your meal.

38. Eggs Atchafalaya at Atchafalaya

Nowhere does brunch better than Atchafalaya (we're talking live jazz performances and a full Bloody Mary bar). Get a true taste of the south by ordering Eggs Atchafalaya - fried green tomatoes topped with poached eggs, jumbo lump crabmeat, hollandaise and a side of potatoes.

Intrigued? The name comes from the cooking technique, as the chicken is cooked under a brick wrapped in tin foil. Maple glazed, served with a potato and bacon hash cake, and topped with a fried egg, this signature dish is an absolute home run.

40. Crawfish Monica at Jazz Fest

At this famous music and arts festival, the food is equally as spectacular as the musical performances. Crawfish is a Louisiana seafood staple, and there's no better way to try it than in this creamy, spicy mac & cheese dish, which is unique to Jazz Fest. Dig in while listening to some of the world's best musicians and you'll think you landed in heaven.

41. Fried Alligator at Cochon

Some say it tastes like chicken, others give it more of a pork taste, but only you can be the judge. Crispy fried in buttermilk batter and topped with chili garlic mayo, Cochon's gator will have you falling in love with this tasty swamp creature.

42. Housemade Spaghetti at Herbsaint

At chef Donald Link's award-winning flagship restaurant, French and Italian cooking with a Southern spin is the name of the game. Served in a thick creamy herb sauce with guanciale (similar to bacon) and a fried egg, this spaghetti is far from your typical pasta dish and makes the perfect lunch.

Thanks to the prominent Vietnamese population in New Orleans, the city has no shortage of quality Vietnamese restaurants. Pho, the classic vermicelli noodle soup, served with meat, seafood, or tofu, is the truest form of comfort food.

The laid back atmosphere of The Joint will make you feel like you're at your neighbor's backyard cookout. While anything off this meat-loving menu is sure to satisfy your barbecue cravings, the perfectly textured beef brisket with sides of mac & cheese and baked beans always wins.

45. King Cake at Tartine

The official treat of Mardi Gras - King Cake - is made with cinnamon-filled dough shaped into a hollow circle topped with glazed frosting and colored sprinkles. Tradition holds that whoever finds the hidden plastic baby Jesus within the cake is not only blessed with good luck, but also must host the next King Cake party. While one can find delectable variations of this treat throughout the city, Tartine's, filled with brown sugar and cream cheese is irresistible.

46. Chef's Special Omelette at Camellia Grill

Warning: this omelette is not for the weak. Loaded with turkey bacon, ham, potatoes, onions, and American and Swiss cheeses, AND topped with chili, this breakfast will keep you full for hours (days?). We suggest ordering the chili on the side so that you can truly taste the unique fluffy texture that Camellia Grill omelettes are known for.

47. Pear & Brie Melt at Satsuma

This sandwich is basically like skipping straight to dessert. Sliced pear, warm melty brie, walnut spread, and balsamic glaze come together beautifully in this sandwich to give you a perfect sweet and savory lunch.

This upscale John Besh establishment is all about high quality ingredients, in simple but elegant plates, and his potato gnocchi is a prime example of this. Topped with blue crab and black truffle, this rich appetizer is full of flavor and is the perfect preview to an exquisite meal.

Behold the lovechild between your two childhood favorites - the Mac n Cheezy. Creamy, gooey mac & cheese, cheddar, and four-cheese bacon unite to create this absolutely dreamy sandwich.

50. Lemon Ice Box Pie at Wayfare

Well, after all that food, hopefully you've at least saved enough room for this miniature pie, which clearly should win the prize for most adorable dessert. Its small size makes it the perfect way to get your sweet fix at the end of a filling meal, and the creamy, tart taste will have you licking the plate clean.

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The Ultimate New Orleans Food Bucket List

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To eat in New Orleans is to experience the most vibrant and unique culture within our nation's borders. New Orleanians do not eat to live, they live to eat, and their love for food is infectious. The city's "let the good times roll" attitude and hospitable nature are demonstrated by locals' eagerness to show visitors what makes their food second to none .

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Look at the pelicans playing another basketball team

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Why is Mardi Gras celebrated in New Orleans?

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New Orleans is famous for their great jazz music.

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It could take mounths to prep for Mardi Gras!

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The best time to go to New Orleans is from February to May when all the events are in full Swing.If you dont like all the events and like peace and quiet, plan for December to January when its all peace and quiet

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new orleans trolley# 2010 - Google Search

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Find local businesses, view maps and get driving directions in Google Maps.

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Streetcars in New Orleans have been an integral part of the city's public transportation network since the first half of the 19th century. The longest of New Orleans' streetcar lines, the St. Charles Avenue Streetcar, is the oldest continuously operating street railway system in the world, according to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

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Last night the Sants had a 41 point lead witch made them 10 and 1 the highest team in the NFL.

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Last night the Sants had a 41 point lead witch made them 10 and 1 the highest team in the NFL.

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Newsela | Creatures of the night inhabit Audubon Zoo's newest building

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Hundreds of bats fly through the Creatures of the Night exhibit at the Audubon Zoo's new night house in New Orleans, Louisiana.

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burying the dead below sea level was a problem to the early people of new orleans

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An above-ground cemetery was the solution of early French residents of New Orleans. Tour these hauntingly beautiful marble chambers, on your own or with a guided tour.

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The 15 Foods You Absolutely Have to Eat While Visiting New Orleans

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What to eat when you're in NOLA? The short answer is, everything. The longer answer is, everything you can't get somewhere else.

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Everything you need to know about Mardi Gras, including updated parade routes, traditions, the best places to get Mardi Gras beads, masks, king cakes and more!

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King cakes have babies & Mardi Gras beads.

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In one of the king cakes, each year there's a baby doll. If you find this baby doll, you must either buy the next king cake, or throw the next party.

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The Mardi Gras colors are green,gold,and purple.Purple symbolizes justice.Gold symbolizes power.And green symbolizes    faith.

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This is the oldest & longest trolley still running today!

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This is the oldest & longest trolley still running today!

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Racial segregation on streetcars and buses in New Orleans was finally ended peacefully in 1958. Until then, signs separating the races were carried on the backs of the seats in streetcars and buses. These signs could be moved forward or back in the vehicle as passenger loads changed during the operating day.

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This is a float from Mardi Gras.  The floats take along time to make. The floats are a big part of Mardi Gras.  During Mardi Gras the people on the floats throw colorful beaded necklaces.  If you want beads thrown to you, it is a tradition to yell:    " Throw me something,mister."

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It's hard to think of a holiday with more sweeping generalizations surrounding it than Mardi Gras New Orleans, which is more associated with Bourbon Street buffoonery and skin-baring spring breakers than its deep roots in the region.

And yet, ever since the Mistick Krewe of Comus kicked off the first official Mardi Gras New Orleans parade on February 24, 1857, the "Greatest Free Show on Earth" has celebrated the city's rich culture first and foremost. Ask the regulars who roll through religiously; it's all about food, music, fashion, dance, and family, not Hurricane-addled hedonists. Whatever you do, don't be that tourist.

The following guide should clear up the frequently asked questions that overwhelm many first-timers, from what happens when to the myriad ways one can blend in with the best of 'em beautifully.

When is Mardi Gras this year?

February 25, 2020. Mardi Gras is French for Fat Tuesday, which means it's the final countdown for New Orleans' sizeable Catholic population (nearly 36 percent as of 2019) to eat, drink, and be merry before Lent kicks in. That's when fun and frivolity is replaced by fish fries and fasting among churchgoing true believers.

How long does Mardi Gras last?

Here's where things get a little confusing. Mardi Gras proper is a 24-hour affair, but it's part of a broader day and night party that begins as soon as the 12 Days of Christmas end. January 6, to be exact. A handful of NOLA's self-funded social clubs (a.k.a. krewes) hold parades in a few key neighborhoods then, sparking the Carnival season that doesn't slow its roll until Ash Wednesday.

In other words, you don't have to be in town on Mardi Gras to have a hell of a time, although it certainly doesn't hurt. A better move is to scan the official parade schedule online; most krewes unveil their secret kings and floats in the second half of February. In fact, that is Mardi Gras among New Orleans natives: the two weekends before Fat Tuesday.

Another option is Family Gras, which brings more than 80,000 (fairly) well-behaved people to a different location outside downtown every year. Past live performers have included Taylor Swift, Billy Ray Cyrus, The Monkees, and Michael McDonald. The 2020 lineup at Clearview Center in Jefferson Parish is still TBD, but five different krewes are confirmed for exclusive parades throughout Valentine's Day weekend.

What do you wear to Mardi Gras?

Elaborate masks and costumes are encouraged but not required. If you'd rather let the locals shine in the wardrobe department, any combination of purples, greens, and golds will be greatly appreciated. In case you're curious, they stand for justice, faith, and power, and double as the color palette of king cakes, which we'll get to in a minute.

Everything you need to know about Mardi Gras parades and parties

A common misconception: that there's an essential Mardi Gras bash in the French Quarter. Turns out the most ornate and over-the-top gatherings are in New Orleans' Uptown (Krewe of Bacchus on February 23 at 5:15 p.m., and Krewe of Orpheus on February 24 at 6 p.m.) and Mid-City (Krewe of Endymion on February 22 at 4:15 p.m.) neighborhoods, making the weekend before Fat Tuesday the most popular time to visit.

It doesn't matter which parade(s) you choose to watch; they'll all give you a sense of the Mardi Gras spirit. Be sure to watch out for the "signature throws" each krewe tosses into its respective crowd. Reaching well beyond the familiar realm of plastic beads and doubloons, they include hand-decorated coconuts (Krewe of Zulu at 8 a.m. on February 25), shoes (Krewe of Muses at 6:30 p.m. on February 2), genie lamps (Krewe of Alla in the early evening on February 14), and shrimp boots (Krewe of Carrollton just before noon on February 16).

Where to stay for Mardi Gras

Rates around the parade routes peak during the long weekend leading into Mardi Gras, with the most convenient hotels booking up months ahead of time. One compromise would be securing a School House Grande Loft or Rectory Classic Room at Hotel Peter & Paul before it's too late. They both clock in at under $500 a night despite the citywide demand for decent accommodations. The converted 19th century church is also located in the slightly more laid-back, but no less historic Marigny district, which is halfway between new (the increasingly trendy Bywater neighborhood) and old (the French Quarter) New Orleans. If you must be in the middle of the action or are looking for a more complete breakdown of what may or may not be available, these are our favorite hotels in New Orleans.

What to eat during Mardi Gras

King cake, of course. A culinary symbol of the entire Carnival season, the iconic purple, green, and gold pastry is based on a classic brioche recipe but available in a wide range of welcome riffs. One of the most hotly pursued local hits is Dong Phuong Bake Shop. The Vietnamese bakery specializes in cream cheese and cinnamon variations that are limited to walk-ins and two cakes per customer despite it being located a good 20 minutes outside central New Orleans. Should you want to eat something other than frosting and sugar, we broke some of the very best po boys, brunches, and beignets, as well as a more general overview of crucial restaurants and bars in the French Quarter, Bywater, and Warehouse districts.

What else to do in New Orleans during Mardi Gras

As if all of those costumes and krewes weren't entertaining enough, New Orleans is still a world-renowned destination for live music, especially jazz. The best stretch to see it all isn't the French Quarter, either, Preservation Hall aside. It's Frenchman Street, which comes alive every night at seminal clubs like The Spotted Cat , d.b.a., and Blue Nile. Daytime detours include the restorative walking paths and art galleries in City Park, the National WWII Museum, and the "float den" at Blaine Kern's Mardi Gras World, "where every day is Mardi Gras!" no matter what time of year.

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Everything You Need to Know about Mardi Gras in New Orleans This Year

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It's hard to think of a holiday with more sweeping generalizations surrounding it than Mardi Gras New Orleans, which is more associated with Bourbon Street buffoonery and skin-baring spring breakers than its deep roots in the region.

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this article has facts about mardi gras.

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Newsela | Krewe of Confetti Kids: Mardi Gras fun for children, too

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Mardi Gras isn't just a holiday for adults.

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One of the most famous parades is called the Little Rascals parade.This year, thousands of people came.

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It turns out 90.60%of the people in New Orleans speak English!

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New Orleans is the Mardi Gras capital of America

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New Orleans is the Mardi Gras capital of America

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The Lafayette Cemetary is very hot! It feels like it is a thousand degrees! 

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The Lafayette Cemetary is very hot! It feels like it is a thousand degrees! 

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The Sants are the best team so far in 2018.

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The Sants are the best team so far in 2018.

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It's time to improve literacy skills during social studies instruction and ensure that readers of all abilities have what they need to access grade-level social studies concepts.

Join us on Thursday, December 7 for a look at scaffolded materials that provide extra literacy support while building key social studies concepts and skills.

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Newsela | Content and assessment platform

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Content Aligned To National & State Standard, Flexible To Support Relevant Curriculum. Find the Perfect Piece Of Content For Lessons. Go beyond the book.

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Mardi Gras takes place during the Carnival season. Carnival is a Christian holiday celebrated before Lent. Christians ask for forgiveness during Lent. Tuesday is the last day of Carnival. It's also the most exciting. This day is called Fat Tuesday meaning the day where people eat lots of fatty foods. This day is also called Mardi Gras. On Mardi Gras, there is a celebration with lots of food, jazz music, floats, costumes, and masks. Some of the foods include shrimp po-boys,king cakes, and more. Also, people start planning the float s the day after Mardi Gras-for the next year!

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Education of People 25 Years and older in New Orleans & U.S.

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Education of People 25 Years and older in New Orleans & U.S.

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in high school.New Orleans has 24%.And the U.S. has 28%.The U.S. has more than New Orleans.In college.New Orleans has 19.70%.And the U.S. has 18.30%.New Orleans has more.in graduate degree.New Orleans has 14.80%.And the U.S. has 11%.New Orleans has more.
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People in New Orleans take trollies.

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It is a treat that people eat in a festival called Mardi Gras.

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( People in Mardi Gras Madness )

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Katrina, The New Orleans Nightmare : Documentary on the Devastation of Hurricane Katrina

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It was in category 5 !!

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the New Orleans' Saints are a big thing in New Orleans

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the New Orleans' Saints are a big thing in New Orleans

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drake in my feelings was filmed in new orleans and alot of other famous songs

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drake in my feelings was filmed in new orleans and alot of other famous songs

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Only type your comments into the columns.

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Only type your comments into the columns.

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Please record your group member's names, separated by commas under the Group heading.

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The Americans moved from the French Quarters to the Garden District because they thought the French Quarters were tight and cramped and they wanted to have big, open houses.

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According to forkly.com, foods like pancakes, Dirty Rice, ( name of food rice not actually dirty ) King Cakes,Milk Punch, Red beans and rice, and Grits and more are foods all eaten/used for Mardi Gras!

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According to forkly.com, foods like pancakes, Dirty Rice, ( name of food rice not actually dirty ) King Cakes,Milk Punch, Red beans and rice, and Grits and more are foods all eaten/used for Mardi Gras!

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If you read this article, you will know a lot of what happened in Hurricane Katrina and other intresting facts.

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As the center of Hurricane Katrina passed southeast of New Orleans on August 29, 2005, winds downtown were in the Category 1 range with frequent intense gusts. The storm surge caused approximately 23 breaches in the drainage canal and navigational canal levees and flood walls. As mandated in the Flood Control Act of 1965, responsibility for the design and construction of the city's levees belongs to the United States Army Corps of Engineers and responsibility for their maintenance belongs to the Orleans Levee Board. The failures of levees and flood walls during Katrina are considered by experts to be the worst engineering disaster in the history of the United States. By August 31, 2005, 80% of New Orleans was flooded, with some parts under 15 feet (4.6 m) of water. The famous French Quarter and Garden District escaped flooding because those areas are above sea level. The major breaches included the 17th Street Canal levee, the Industrial Canal levee, and the London Avenue Canal flood wall. These breaches caused the majority of the flooding, according to a June 2007 report by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The flood disaster halted oil production and refining which increased oil prices worldwide.

Between 80 and 90 percent of the residents of New Orleans were evacuated before the hurricane struck, testifying to some of the success of the evacuation measures. Despite this, many remained in the city, mainly those who did not have access to personal vehicles or who were isolated from the dissemination of news from the local governments. The Louisiana Superdome was used to house and support some of those who were unable to evacuate. Television shots frequently focused on the Superdome as a symbol of the flooding occurring in New Orleans.

The disaster had major implications for a large segment of the population, economy, and politics of the entire United States. It has prompted a Congressional review of the Army Corps of Engineers and the failure of portions of the federally built flood protection system which experts agree should have protected the city's inhabitants from Katrina's surge. Katrina has also stimulated significant research in the academic community into urban planning, real estate finance, and economic issues in the wake of a natural disaster.

New Orleans was settled on a natural high ground along the Mississippi River. Later developments that eventually extended to nearby Lake Pontchartrain were built on fill to bring them above the average lake level. Navigable commercial waterways extended from the lake into the interior of the city to promote waterborne commerce. After the construction of the Inner Harbor Navigation Canal in 1940, the state closed these waterways causing the town's water table to lower drastically.

In 1965, heavy flooding caused by Hurricane Betsy brought concerns regarding flooding from hurricanes to the forefront. That year, Congress passed the Flood Control Act of 1965 which, among other issues, gave authority for design and construction of the flood protection in the New Orleans metropolitan area to the United States Army Corps of Engineers, subject to cost sharing principles, some of which were waived by later legislation. The local municipalities were charged with maintenance once the projects were completed. After 1965, the corps built a levee system around a much larger geographic footprint that included previous marshland and swamp. Many new subdivisions were developed to cater to those who preferred a more suburban lifestyle but were open to remaining within the city limits of New Orleans. Historians question why the area farthest east was developed, since it was viable wetlands and because ringing this region with levees did nothing significant toward protecting the city. What expansion accomplished was to increase the amount of land that could be developed, and it was a reason for the Army Corps to expand the size of its project. In addition the structures caused subsidence of up to 8 feet (2.4 m) in some areas due to the consolidation of the underlying organic soils.

A 1999-2001 study, led by Richard Campanella of the Tulane School of Architecture, used LIDAR technology and found that 51% of the terrestrial surface of the contiguous urbanized portions of Orleans, Jefferson, and St. Bernard parishes lie at or above sea level, with the highest neighborhoods at 10-12 feet (3.0-3.7 m) above mean sea level. Forty nine percent lies below sea level, in places to equivalent depths.

When authorized, the flood control design and construction were projected to take 13 years to complete. When Katrina made landfall in 2005, the project was between 60 and 90% complete with a projected date of completion estimated for 2015, nearly 50 years after authorization. Hurricane Georges in September 1998 galvanized some scientists, engineers and politicians into collective planning, with Scientific American declaring that "New Orleans is a disaster waiting to happen" in October 2001. However, even the most insistent calls from officials to evacuate ahead of Katrina did not warn that the levees could breach.

On August 29, 2005, the flood walls and levees catastrophically failed throughout the metro area. Many collapsed well below design thresholds (e.g., 17th Street and London Canals). Others (like the Industrial Canal) collapsed after a brief period of overtopping caused "scouring" or erosion of the earthen levee walls. In eastern New Orleans, levees along the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway failed in several places because they were built with sand and erodible materials instead of clay, an obvious construction flaw.

History of New Orleans' Law Enforcement Offices

Prior to Hurricane Katrina, New Orleans' law enforcement was in disarray. It was inundated with corruption from higher-up officials and had underpaid officers manning the streets. This enforcement lacked the trust of its citizens and failed to keep police brutality rates low. The city's lack of organization caused the New Orleans Police Department (NOPD) and its prison, Orleans Parish Prison (OPP), to have insufficient funding for proper equipment and emergency planning. Along with the law enforcement, the city's district attorney's office had very little funding as well. Each prosecutor was only paid $30,000 starting off and the public defenders only $29,000. These public defenders' income came from the traffic tickets and court fees of the city residents. These earnings were oftentimes very inconsistent, in turn causing these low wages. New Orleans only had 30 public defenders to handle all of its cases annually. In the days leading up to the storm, the lack of preparation at Orleans Parish Prison caused the overlooking of evacuation plans. This absence of preparation later led to the suffering of its prisoners during one of America's most damaging hurricanes.

On August 28, at 10:00 a.m. CDT, the National Weather Service (NWS) field office in New Orleans issued a bulletin predicting catastrophic damage to New Orleans and the surrounding region. Anticipated effects included, at the very least, the partial destruction of half of the well-constructed houses in the city, severe damage to most industrial buildings, rendering them inoperable, the "total destruction" of all wood-framed low-rise apartment buildings, all windows blowing out in high-rise office buildings, and the creation of a huge debris field of trees, telephone poles, cars, and collapsed buildings. Lack of clean water was predicted to "make human suffering incredible by modern standards."

It was also predicted that the standing water caused by the storm surge would render most of the city uninhabitable for weeks and that the destruction of oil and petrochemical refineries in the surrounding area would spill waste into the floodwaters. The resulting mess would coat every surface, converting the city into a toxic marsh until water could be drained. Some experts said that it could take six months or longer to pump all the water out of the city.

On Saturday night, Max Mayfield, director of the National Hurricane Center, did something he had done only once before. He called the governors of Alabama, Louisiana, and Mississippi to warn them of the severity of the coming storm. He issued a special warning to Mayor Ray Nagin, telling him that some levees in the greater New Orleans area could be overtopped. Later, Mr. Mayfield would tell Brian Williams with NBC Nightly News that he went to bed that night believing he had done what he could. On Sunday, he made a video call to U.S. President George W. Bush at his farm in Crawford, Texas about the severity of the storm.

Many New Orleans residents took precautions to secure their homes and prepare for possible evacuation on Friday the 26th and Saturday the 27th. On August 27 the state of Louisiana was declared an emergency area by the Federal Government, and by mid-morning of that day, many local gas stations which were not yet out of gas had long lines. Nagin first called for a voluntary evacuation of the city at 5:00 p.m. on August 27 and subsequently ordered a citywide mandatory evacuation at 9:30 a.m. on August 28, the first such order in the city's history. In a live news conference, Mayor Nagin predicted that "the storm surge most likely will topple our levee system", and warned that oil production in the Gulf of Mexico would be shut down.

Many neighboring areas and parishes also called for evacuations. By mid-afternoon, officials in Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, Lafourche, Terrebonne, Jefferson, St. Tammany, and Washington parishes had called for voluntary or mandatory evacuations."

Although Mayor Ray Nagin ordered a mandatory evacuation of the city, many people refused to leave or were unable to do so. In Plaquemines Parish, an official described those staying behind as "gambling with their own lives." Reasons were numerous, including a belief that their homes or the buildings in which they planned to stay offered sufficient protection, lack of financial resources or access to transportation, or a feeling of obligation to protect their property. These reasons were complicated by the fact that an evacuation the previous year for Hurricane Ivan had resulted in gridlocked traffic for six to ten hours. The fact that Katrina occurred at the end of the month before pay checks were in the hands of many was also significant. A "refuge of last resort" was designated at the Louisiana Superdome. Beginning at noon on August 28 and running for several hours, city buses were redeployed to shuttle local residents from 12 pickup points throughout the city to the "shelters of last resort."

By the time Hurricane Katrina came ashore early the next morning, Mayor Nagin estimated that approximately one million people had fled the city and its surrounding suburbs. By the evening of August 28, over 100,000 people remained in the city, with 20,000 taking shelter at the Louisiana Superdome, along with 300 National Guard troops. The Superdome had been used as a shelter in the past, such as during 1998's Hurricane Georges, because it was estimated to be able to withstand winds of up to 200 miles per hour (320 km/h) and water levels of 35 feet (11 m). While supplies of MREs (Meals ready to eat) and bottled water were available at the Superdome, Nagin told survivors to bring blankets and enough food for several days, warning that it would not be a comfortable place.

Hurricane Katrina made its second and third landfalls in the Gulf Coast region on Monday, August 29, 2005, as a Category 3 hurricane. Later that day, area affiliates of local television station WDSU reported New Orleans was experiencing widespread flooding due to breaches of several Army Corps-built levees, was without power, and experienced several instances of catastrophic damage in residential and business areas. Entire neighborhoods on the south shore of Lake Pontchartrain were flooded.

The extensive flooding stranded many residents who were forced to stay in place long after Hurricane Katrina had passed. Those stranded survivors dotted the tops of houses citywide. Some were trapped inside attics and unable to escape. Many people chopped their way onto their roofs with hatchets and sledge hammers, which Mayor Nagin had urged residents to store in their attics in case of such events. Clean water was unavailable, and power outages lasted for weeks.

By 11:00 p.m. August 29, Mayor Nagin described the loss of life as "significant" with reports of bodies floating on the water throughout the city, primarily in the eastern portions. Some hotels and hospitals reported diesel fuel shortages. The National Guard began setting up temporary morgues in select locations to accommodate the bodies.

Coordination of rescue efforts in the aftermath of Katrina was difficult because of the disruption of the communications infrastructure. Cellular service and the Internet were inoperable because of line damages, destruction of base stations, or power failures, even though some base stations had their own back-up generators. In a number of cases, reporters were asked to brief public officials on the conditions in areas where information was not reaching them any other way.

All local television stations were disrupted. Local television stations and newspapers moved quickly to sister locations in nearby cities. New Orleans CBS-affiliate WWL-TV was the only local station to remain on the air during and after the storm, broadcasting from Baton Rouge. Broadcasting and publishing on the Internet became an important means of distributing information to evacuees and the rest of the world, with news networks citing blogs like Interdictor and Gulfsails for reports of what was happening in the city. Amateur radio provided tactical and emergency communications and handled health-and-welfare enquiries. By September 4, a temporary communications hub was set up at the Hyatt Hotel in downtown New Orleans.

The first television pictures out of New Orleans shown on national TV were from Houston's ABC owned and operated KTRK which flew its helicopter to New Orleans in the days after the storm.

Most of the city's major roads were damaged. The only route out of the city was east to the West Bank of New Orleans on the Crescent City Connection bridge. The I-10 Twin Span Bridge traveling east towards Slidell suffered severe damage; 473 spans were separated from their supports and 64 spans dropped into the lake. The 24-mile (39 km) long Lake Pontchartrain Causeway escaped unscathed but was only carrying emergency traffic.

The Superdome sustained significant damage, including two sections of the waterproof membrane on the roof that were peeled off by the wind. On August 30, Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco ordered the complete evacuation of the remaining people that sought shelter in the Superdome. They were then transported to the Astrodome in Houston, Texas.

Charity Hospital sustained significant damage as well. It had most of its windows blown out and suffered ceiling tile and light fixture damage from the strong winds caused by Katrina. Later that day, rising floodwaters began to fill up the building, which caused the main generators to fail, so the hospital staff decided to evacuate everyone to the auditorium. Conditions in the auditorium began to deteriorate, so on September 1, the first 100 medically ill patients were taken by helicopter to Baton Rouge. The remaining persons were evacuated at about 3:00 pm the next day.

On Monday, August 29, 2005, the eye of Hurricane Katrina passed east of the city, subjecting it to hurricane wind conditions, but sparing New Orleans of the worst impact. The city seemed to have escaped most of the catastrophic wind damage and heavy rain that had been predicted. Most buildings held up well structurally.

However, the city's levee and flood walls designed and built by the US Army Corps of Engineers breached in over fifty locations. Additionally, the levees were built on soil that vary in compression and consolidation rates. Therefore, it is difficult to systematically predict subsidence of the ground under the levees. Storm surge breached the levees of the Mississippi River-Gulf Outlet Canal ("MR-GO") in approximately 20 places and flooded all of Saint Bernard Parish, the east bank of Plaquemines Parish and the historic Lower Ninth Ward. The major levee breaches in the city included breaches at the 17th Street Canal levee, the London Avenue Canal, and the wide, navigable Inner Harbor Navigation Canal, which left approximately 80% of New Orleans flooded. There were three major breaches at the Industrial Canal; one on the upper side near the junction with MR-GO, and two on the lower side along the Lower Ninth Ward, between Florida Avenue and Claiborne Avenue. The 17th Street Canal levee was breached on the lower (New Orleans West End) side inland from the Old Hammond Highway Bridge, and the London Avenue Canal breached in two places, on the upper side just back from Robert E. Lee Boulevard, and on the lower side a block in from the Mirabeau Avenue Bridge. Flooding from the breaches put the majority of the city under water for days, and in many places for weeks. Many roads and buildings were damaged by Hurricane Katrina.

In a June 2006 report on the disaster, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers admitted that faulty design specifications, incomplete sections, and substandard construction of levee segments, contributed to the damage done to New Orleans by Hurricane Katrina. A report released by the American Society of Civil Engineers in June 2007 concluded that two-thirds of the flooding in the city could have been avoided if the levees had held.

The failure of the Hurricane Protection Project of New Orleans was the subject of at least two U.S. Senate committee hearings in November 2005. In 2006, the group Levees.org led by Sandy Rosenthal called for 8/29 Commission to investigate both the engineering and decision-making behind the collapse of a flood protection system that should have held against Katrina's storm surge and the Southeast Louisiana Flood Protection Authority-East, which oversees the region's levees, backed the call in 2008.

Preliminary reports indicate that the official death toll, according to the Louisiana Department of Health, was 1,464 people. The first deaths were reported shortly before midnight on August 28, 2005, as three nursing home patients died during an evacuation to Baton Rouge. On September 4, Mayor Nagin speculated that the death toll could rise as high as ten thousand after the clean-up was completed. Some survivors and evacuees reported seeing bodies lying in city streets and floating in still-flooded sections, especially in the east of the city. The advanced state of decomposition of many corpses, some of which were left in the water or sun for days before being collected, hindered efforts by coroners to identify many of the dead.

There were six deaths confirmed at the Superdome. Four of these were from natural causes, one was the result of a drug overdose, and one was a suicide. At the Convention Center, four bodies were recovered. One of these four is believed to be the result of a homicide. Body collection throughout the city began on approximately September 9. Prior to that date, the locations of corpses were recorded, but most were not retrieved.

Later studies determined that most of New Orleans' Katrina deaths were elderly persons living near levee breaches in the Lower Ninth Ward and Lakeview neighborhoods.

The aftermath of Hurricane Katrina was characterized by extensive reporting of looting, violence, murder and rape. While some criminal acts did occur, such as the emptying of an entire Walmart, many reports were also exaggerated, inflated, or simply fabricated. Several news organizations went on to issue retractions.

There were reports of snipers taking potshots at rescue helicopters; these were false. Reports of gangs roving the city shooting police officers and survivors were also false, as only one policeman was shot in the aftermath of Katrina and no indictments were brought forward against the supposed gang members.

Some initial reports of crime and mass chaos, particularly in stories about the Superdome, were later found to be exaggerated or rumors. In the Superdome, for example, the New Orleans sex crimes unit investigated every report of rape or atrocity and found only two verifiable incidents, both of sexual assault. The department head told reporters, "I think it was an urban myth. Any time you put 25,000people under one roof, with no running water, no electricity and no information, stories get told." Based on these reports, government officials expected hundreds of dead to be found in the Superdome, but instead found only six dead: four natural deaths, one drug overdose, and one suicide. In a case of reported sniper fire, the "sniper" turned out to be the relief valve of a gas tank popping every few minutes.

Additional acts of unrest occurred following the storm, particularly with the New Orleans Police Department. In the aftermath, a tourist asked a police officer for assistance, and got the response, "Go to hell, it's every man for himself." Also, one-third of New Orleans police officers deserted the city in the days before the storm, many of them escaping in their department-owned patrol cars. This added to the chaos by stretching law enforcement thin. Several NOPD officers were arrested weeks after Katrina for suspicion of vehicle theft.

The City of Gretna on the West Bank of the Mississippi River received considerable press coverage when, in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina (late August 2005), displaced and dehydrated survivors who attempted to escape from New Orleans by walking over the Crescent City Connection bridge over the Mississippi River were turned back at gunpoint by City of Gretna Police, along with Crescent City Connection Police and Jefferson Parish Sheriff's deputies, who set up a roadblock on the bridge in the days following the hurricane.

By September 1, 6,500 National Guard troops had arrived in New Orleans, and on September 2 Blanco requested a total of 40,000 for assistance in evacuation and security efforts in Louisiana. In addition, the Louisiana State Guard and state defense forces from several states were activated to aid the National Guard in sheltering the large number of refugees leaving Louisiana and assist in other disaster recovery operations.

Some concern over the availability and readiness of the Louisiana National Guard to help stabilize the security situation was raised. Guardsman Lieutenant Colonel Pete had commented that "dozens of high water vehicles, humvees, refuelers, and generators were abroad." At the time of the hurricane, approximately 3,000 members of the Guard were serving a tour of duty in Iraq. With total personnel strength of 11,000, this meant that 27% of the Louisiana National Guard was abroad. However, both the White House and the Pentagon argued that the depletion of personnel and equipment did not impact the ability of the Guard to perform its mission-rather, impassable roads and flooded areas were the major factors impeding the Guardsmen from securing the situation in New Orleans.

Before Hurricane Katrina, the murder rate in New Orleans was ten times higher than the U.S. average. After the situation in New Orleans was brought under control, criminal activity in New Orleans dropped significantly.

In response to the increase in criminal activity in New Orleans, makeshift prisons were constructed to house prisoners for short periods of time. Camp Greyhound was a temporary prison that housed more than 200 suspected looters in New Orleans until they could be transferred to other institutions. With room for 700 prisoners, the facility was guarded by officers from one of the United States' toughest prisons, the Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola. The station's bus terminals were converted into chain-link prison cells that could hold up to fifteen prisoners each. These prisoners were kept in conditions that included a portable toilet and military issued meals, but excluded a mattress or cot.

Evacuees were brought to the Superdome, one of the largest structures in the city, to wait out the storm or to await further evacuation. Many others made their way to the Superdome on their own, hoping to find food, water, shelter, or transport out of town. As Katrina passed over New Orleans on August 29, it ripped two holes in the Superdome roof. The area outside the Superdome was flooded to a depth of 3 feet (0.91 m), with a possibility of 7 feet (2.1 m) if the area equalized with Lake Pontchartrain. On the evening of August 30, Maj. Gen. Bennett C. Landreneau of the Louisiana National Guard said that the number of people taking shelter in the Superdome had risen to around 15,000 to 20,000 as search and rescue teams brought more people to the Superdome from areas hard-hit by the flooding.

On August 31, as flood waters continued to rise, Governor Blanco ordered that all of New Orleans, including the Superdome, be evacuated. Governor Blanco sent 68 school buses to transport the evacuating people. FEMA announced that, in conjunction with Greyhound, the National Guard, and Houston Metro, the 25,000 people at the Superdome would be relocated across state lines to the Houston Astrodome. Roughly 475 buses were provided by FEMA to transport evacuees, with the entire operation taking 2-3 days. By September 4, the Superdome had been completely evacuated.

Although the Superdome suffered damage by water and wind to the overall interior and exterior structures, as well as interior damage from human waste and trash, the facility was repaired at a cost of US$185 million and was ready for games by the autumn of 2006.

On August 29, as people were being turned away at the Superdome and rescues continued, rescuers began dropping people off at the Convention Center, which, at 8 feet (2 m) above sea level, easily escaped the flood. Captain M.A. Pfeiffer of the NOPD was quoted as saying, "It was supposed to be a bus stop where they dropped people off for transportation. The problem was, the transportation never came." By the afternoon of the 29th, the crowd had grown to about 1,000 people. The convention center's president (who was there with a small group of convention center employees at this time) addressed the crowd near dark, informing them that there was no food, water, medical care, or other services. By late on the evening of the 29th, the convention center had been broken into, and evacuees began occupying the inside of the convention center.

A contingent of 250 National Guard engineering units occupied one part of the convention center beginning August 30 and remained there until September 1, at times barricaded in their location. The units were never given orders to control the crowd, and were not expected to be prepared for such a task, as engineering units. The number of people at the convention center continued to grow over the next three days by some estimates to as many as 20,000 people. Reasons for arriving included being sent to the convention center from the overwhelmed Superdome, being dropped off there by rescuers, or hearing about the convention center as a shelter via word of mouth. No checking for weapons was done among the crowd as was done at the Superdome, and a large store of alcohol kept at the Convention Center was looted. Reports of robberies, murder, and rapes began to surface, in particular that a 14-year-old girl had been raped and that seven dead bodies were lying on the third floor. In general, those who died, regardless of cause of death, were not moved or removed and were left to decompose.

By September 1, the facility, like the Superdome, was completely overwhelmed and declared unsafe and unsanitary. However, even though there were thousands of people who were evacuating at the center, along with network newscasters, pleading desperately for help on CNN, FOX, and other broadcast outlets, FEMA head Michael Brown and Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff both claimed that they had no knowledge of the usage of the Convention Center as a shelter until the afternoon of September 1.

A sizable contingent of National Guard arrived on September 2 to establish order and provide essential provisions, and on September 3, buses began arriving at the convention center to pick up the refugees there. The Convention Center was completely evacuated by September 4.

Charity Hospital had most of its windows blown out and suffered damage to lights and ceiling tiles as a result of the strong winds caused by Katrina. Later that day, floodwaters began to fill up the building, which caused the main generators to fail, so the hospital staff decided to evacuate everyone to the auditorium. Conditions in the auditorium began to deteriorate, so everyone was evacuated to the roof. On September 1, the first 100 medically ill patients were taken on Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk helicopters to Baton Rouge. The remaining persons were evacuated the next day at about 3 pm. Eight people had died. Reports stated that some people were so desperate for food and water that they used intravenous therapy to receive nutrients.

On August 31, a public health emergency was declared for the entire Gulf Coast, and Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco ordered a mandatory evacuation of all those remaining in New Orleans. Relief organizations scrambled to locate suitable areas for relocating evacuees on a large scale. Many people in the Superdome were bussed to Reliant Park in Houston, Texas. Houston agreed to shelter an additional 25,000 evacuees beyond those admitted to the Astrodome, including one "renegade bus" that was commandeered by private citizen Jabbar Gibson, who had been released on bond from the Orleans Parish Prison just days before the storm hit, and had a previous criminal conviction. By September 1, the Astrodome was declared full and could not accept any more evacuees. The George R. Brown Convention Center and the Reliant Center and Reliant Arena nearby were all opened to house additional evacuees. By September 2, the Reliant Center had 3,000 evacuees. San Antonio, Texas also agreed to house 25,000 refugees, initiating relocation efforts in vacant office buildings on the grounds of KellyUSA, a former air force base. Reunion Arena in Dallas, Texas was also mobilized to house incoming evacuees, and smaller shelters were established in towns across Texas and Oklahoma. Arkansas also opened various shelters and state parks throughout the state for evacuees.

Expected to last only two days, the evacuation of remaining evacuees proved more difficult than rescue organizations anticipated as transportation convoys struggled with damaged infrastructure and a growing number of evacuees. On September 3, the Texas Air National Guard reported that 2,500 evacuees were still at the Superdome. However, by evening, eleven hours after evacuation efforts began, the Superdome held 10,000 more people than it did at dawn. Evacuees from across the city swelled the crowd to about 30,000, believing the arena was the best place to get a ride out of town.

Elements of the 82nd Airborne Division arrived in New Orleans September 3. The flooding was a challenge for the paratroopers when they first arrived. The division had just four boats at the time, however, the division quickly started getting Coast Guard, Navy and Marine assets placed under their control. Army Maj. Gen. William B. Caldwell IV, the 82nd's commanding general, noted: "We eventually became the 82nd 'Waterborne' Division," the general said, "and that really was our forte" during search-and-rescue and security missions in flooded sections of the city.

Task Force Katrina Commander Army Lt. Gen. Russel Honoré also charged the paratroopers to straighten out the evacuation situations at the New Orleans Airport, the Convention Center and the Superdome. In all, 3,600 of the division's paratroopers were deployed to New Orleans to participate in Task Force All-American. The unit worked in tandem with state, local and other federal authorities to feed, process and transport evacuees to other accommodations; the division's soldiers helped evacuate 6,000 New Orleans residents. By September 18, the 82nd Division medical personnel had treated 1,352 people and given 2,047 immunizations, according to unit documents. By September 19, 82nd Division military engineers had cleared 185 city blocks of debris, cleared 113 streets, and removed 218 trees, according to unit documents.

On September 3, some 42,000 evacuees were evacuated from New Orleans, including those remaining in the Superdome and Convention Center. Efforts turned to the hundreds of people still trapped in area hotels, hospitals, schools and private homes. During the evacuation, one person was killed and 7 others injured when the bus in which they were heading to Texas overturned on Interstate 49 in Opelousas, LA. Opelousas Police lieutenant Dwain Grimmett said the bus driver lost control on dry pavement.

During Hurricane Katrina, Orleans Parish Prison housed a total of 7,100 inmates. There were inmates who were serving weekend time due to public intoxication all the way to convicted murderers. There were many inmates who just began their sentences when Katrina hit the city. After the hurricane made landfall, most of the city's power was affected, which caused the prison to lose power as well. During this outage, many of the prisoners were locked in their cells due to the doors solely opening electronically. After being left in the dark due to the wind damage, the breaking of levees throughout the city flooded New Orleans and affected the prison. These prisoners were left by guards and deputies alike in the prison with chest high water and no food or water. Due to the lack of power, the inmates took it upon themselves to start fires in the facility despite lack of ventilation. Though most left, there were some prison guards who stayed in the city during the storm. These guards allegedly assaulted the prisoners during this time. Many prisoners were shot, beaten, and maced. The prisoners feared for their lives during these encounters with the guards. The inmates endured these living conditions for three to five days before being relocated by officials. Once official teams came in to rescue the prisoners, they were all moved to I-10, the major interstate in New Orleans. Inmates who were not able to be easily rescued were left in the prison. While located on I-10, the inmates were given water and food, though for some this was given too late. There were many inmates who passed out due to dehydration. The police brutality also remained high while prisoners were on the interstate. Guards would shoot at the prisoners for any outburst and continue to beat them similar to conditions in Orleans Parish Prison. While the inmates continued to endure these conditions, there were a total of six public defenders who were managing the cases of all of New Orleans prisoners. The prisoners were later sent off to different prisons around the state of Louisiana while the city was still underwater. After the flood waters receded, many of the inmates of Orleans Parish Prison served longer sentences due to the lack of government in New Orleans and public defender staff shortages. The Criminal Justice System was out of order in the city for months and did not release its first prisoner on bond until October 2006.

There was a concern that the prolonged flooding would lead to an outbreak of health problems for those who remained in the city. In addition to dehydration and food poisoning, there was also potential for the spread of hepatitis A, cholera, tuberculosis, and typhoid fever, all related to the growing contamination of food and drinking water supplies in the city compounded by the city's characteristic heat and stifling humidity. Survivors could also face long-term health risks due to prolonged exposure to the petrochemical tainted flood waters and mosquito-borne diseases such as yellow fever, malaria, and West Nile fever.

On September 2, an emergency triage center was set up at the airport. A steady stream of helicopters and ambulances brought in the elderly, sick, and injured. Baggage equipment was used as gurneys to transport people from the flight line to the hospital, which was set up in the airport terminal. The scene could be described as, "organized chaos", but efficient. By September 3, the situation started to stabilize. Up to 5,000 people had been triaged and fewer than 200 remained at the medical unit.

Hospital evacuations continued from other area hospitals that were flooded or damaged. Reports from the Methodist Hospital indicated that people were dying of dehydration and exhaustion while the staff worked constantly in horrendous conditions. The first floor of the hospital flooded and the dead were stacked in a second floor operating room. Patients requiring ventilators were kept alive with hand-powered resuscitation bags.

Among the many hospitals shut down by damage related to the hurricane was the public hospital serving New Orleans, Charity Hospital, which was also the only trauma center serving that region. The destruction of the hospital's structure has forced the continued closure as funding for a new building is sought out.

Multiple children's hospitals around the United States including Arkansas Children's Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital, Children's of Alabama, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Cook Children's Medical Center, and Children's Mercy Kansas City sent helicopters, fixed wing aircraft, ambulances, and personnel to Tulane Medical Center, Ochsner, and CHNOLA in order to help evacuate pediatric patients from the hospital.

There have been some suggestions concerning the usage of natural capital to further aid New Orleans's economy. One such proposal is to avoid rebuilding on flooded lands, instead restoring acres of wetlands to profit from the economic wealth. The Mississippi Delta provides the United States with one of the largest fisheries and the most important flyway terminus, enabling New Orleans to profit from these ecological industries. Furthermore, by increasing the wetlands, it would help create a natural barrier that could aid New Orleans in future storms. It is estimated that if New Orleans was to restore 1,700 square miles (4,400 km ²) of wetland lost before 2005, the natural capital would be worth an estimated $6 billion/year, or $200 billion at the present value. While New Orleans has made numerous efforts in rebuilding their economy, and has been successful with tourist-attracting events such as Mardi Gras, the natural capital provided could further assist the city in returning to its pre-Katrina wealth and economy.

Following Katrina, many said that the hurricane had greater impact on black and less economically privileged people than it had on predominantly white and wealthier people. "The city's remarkable recovery has, to a troubling degree, left behind the African-Americans who still make up the majority of its population," according to FiveThirtyEight. They based this on statistics showing that black residents of New Orleans are more likely to be unemployed than when the storm hit, and are also more likely to be living in poverty. Household incomes of black people have also fallen, and the wage gap between black and white people has grown.

About 175,000 black residents departed New Orleans over the year following the storm, while only 100,000 returned, pushing the African American population to 59 percent, from 66 percent previously. The biggest impact has been on the middle-class black people, given that most black professionals are older and more advanced in their careers, and the majority of the affluent and middle class are white.

The influence of black people in the city receded politically, too: in 2010 New Orleans elected its first white mayor in 32 years, a white majority (5-2) took control of the City Council, which had previously been black, and a white police chief and district attorney were elected. Lance Hill of Tulane University said: "The perception among most African-Americans is that they are living politically as a defeated group in their own city."

After Hurricane Katrina, many African-Americans suffered from mental illnesses-such as PTSD -at higher rates than their white counterparts. Populations experiencing mental illnesses, especially after a natural disaster, is not uncommon. African-Americans, however, "had approximately two-fold greater odds of screening positive for PTSD" after Hurricane Katrina than white people. It is deduced that African-Americans exhibit PTSD at higher frequencies than white people because they "were more likely to experience frequent mental distress." For example, African-Americans "report more negative events and chronic stressors--witnessing violence, receiving bad news, death events, lifetime major discrimination, daily discrimination--than whites, which negatively affects their mental health." African-Americans "are more segregated than any other racial/ethnic group in the United States, and racial segregation is associated with poorer quality housing and neighborhoods that have limited resources to enhance health and well-being." Another study found that the "[b]lack race was associated with greater symptom severity" of PTSD than other races. It is known that "[m]inority status itself has been shown to increase the risk of PTSD after trauma, though this effect may be largely because of differential exposure to poverty in violence." Additionally, the "largely Black population of New Orleans bore a disproportionately heavy burden of pre disaster chronic disease complicated by inadequate health care access."

1. ^ Wolshon, Brian (2006). "Evacuation Planning and Engineering for Hurricane Katrina". The Bridge. 36 (1). Archived from the original on November 14, 2011.

2. John A. Kilpatrick and Sofia Dermisi, "The Aftermath of Katrina: Recommendations for Real Estate Research", ^ Journal of Real Estate Literature, Spring, 2007.

3. ^ Vagenas, Georgia N. (Summer 2006). "One Year Later: Right to Counsel Still Elusive for Indigent Defendants in New Orleans" (PDF). Dialogue. Vol. 10, no. 3. Chicago, Illinois: American Bar Association Division for Legal Services. p. 31.

4. ^ "New Orleans braces for monster hurricane". CNN. August 29, 2005. Archived from the original on May 17, 2008.

5. ^ "Pre-Landfall Preparation and Katrina's Impact". A Failure of Initiative. pp. 73-74.

6. ^ "Silverman, Steve. "Hurricane Heroics." Wired. November 2005". Wired. January 4, 2009. Archived from the original on November 23, 2011.

7. ^ Reginald DesRoches, PhD, ed. (2006). Hurricane Katrina: Performance of Transportation Systesm. Reston, VA: ASCE, TCLEE. ISBN 9780784408797. Archived from the original on March 3, 2014.

8. Staff Writer. "^ New Orleans Airport To Reopen This Week Archived July 21, 2012, at archive.today." Airwise Archived November 21, 2001, at the Library of Congress Web Archives. September 11, 2005. Retrieved on November 24, 2006.

9. ^ Mike Murphy (August 20, 2009). "NOPD Looting a Wal-Mart After Katrina". Archived from the original on September 24, 2017 - via YouTube.

10. Peter Berkowitz, ^ "We Went into the Mall and Began 'Looting'":A Letter on Race, Class, and Surviving the Hurricane Archived June 17, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, September 5, 2005, [Accessed 16/07/2013]

11. CNN, ^ Witnesses: New Orleans cops took Rolex watches, jewelry Archived January 16, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, September 25, 2005 [Accessed 16/07/2013]

12. ^ Litke, Jim (September 4, 2005). "New Orleans' Thin Blue Line Stretched to Breaking Point". m/ officer.com (Associated Press). Archived from the original on June 26, 2008.

13. ^ United States Congress (February 19, 2006). A Failure of Initiative: Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina (PDF). Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. p. 241. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 26, 2009.

14. Berger, Julian; Campbell, Duncan. "^ Why did help take so long to arrive?" The Guardian. September 3, 2005.

15. Ripley, Amanda. "^ What Happened to the Gangs of New Orleans? Archived June 15, 2006, at the Wayback Machine" magazine. May 22, 2006.

16. ^ Abrams, Dan (September 8, 2005). "Camp Greyhound - New Orleans bus station serving as make-shift [sic] jail". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 8, 2014.

17. Staff Writer. "^ Governor: Evac Superdome, Rescue Centers Archived October 21, 2012, at the Wayback Machine." Fox News/Associated Press. August 30, 2005.

18. Staff Writer. "^ NFL, at Saints' urging, kicks in $20 million for dome repairs Archived August 24, 2007, at the Wayback Machine." KCEN-TV. January 31, 2006.

19. Gerry J. Gilmore, American Forces Press Service. "^ Airborne Division Becomes Waterborne in New Orleans."Retrieved on July 18, 2008.

20. ^ N., Oppenheimer, V.K. Kalmijn, M. Lim (1997). Men's Career Development and Marriage Timing During a Period of Rising Inequality. OCLC 936286315.

21. ^ Ruger, Jennifer P. (October 22, 2005). "Book Review: Disease and Democracy: The Industrialised World Faces AIDS". BMJ. 331 (7522): 970. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7522.970. PMC . Archived from the original on May 20, 2006.

22. ^ Breed, Allen G. (September 4, 2005). "New Orleans left to the dead and dying". Associated Press. Archived from the original on December 31, 2006.

23. ^ Baldwin, Steve; Robinson, Andria; Barlow, Pam; Fargason, Crayton A. (May 1, 2006). "Moving Hospitalized Children All Over the Southeast: Interstate Transfer of Pediatric Patients During Hurricane Katrina". Pediatrics. 117 (Supplement 4): S416-S420. doi:10.1542/peds.2006-0099O. ISSN 0031-4005. PMID 16735276. S2CID 23554269.

24. Vigdor, Jacob, "The Economic Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina," 'The Journal of Economic Perspectives' 22 (2008): 141.

25. Costanza, Robert, et al, "A New Vision for New Orleans and the Mississippi Delta: Applying Ecological Economics and Ecological Engineering," 'Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment' 4 (2006): 470

26. DETAILS OF REF

27. ^ Rivlin, Gary (August 18, 2015). "Why New Orleans's Black Residents Are Still Underwater After Katrina". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 1, 2016.

28. ^ Alexander, Adam C.; Ali, Jeanelle; McDevitt-Murphy, Meghan E.; Forde, David R.; Stockton, Michelle; Read, Mary; Ward, Kenneth D. (February 2017). "Racial Differences in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Vulnerability Following Hurricane Katrina Among a Sample of Adult Ever Smokers from New Orleans". Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. 4 (1): 94-103. doi:10.1007/s40615-015-0206-8. PMC . PMID 26823065.

Photos taken of Hurricane Katrina's aftermath

Video, aftermath of Hurricane Katrina

NOVA scienceNOW: Hurricanes : New Orleans' unique vulnerability to hurricanes.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Levee Maps

Independent Levee Investigation Team Draft Report

Orleans Parish Prison Before and After Katrina

Sexual Assault During and After Hurricane Katrina 2005

Village Voice essay on the flood Archived October 25, 2006, at the Wayback Machine

GiveThemBack.com A National Rifle Association documentary spotlighting firearm seizures following Hurricane Katrina.

Chicago Tribune article on Katrina's destructive impact on jazz memorabilia

"Hurricane Katrina: The Catastrophe that Uncovered America's Race and Class Issues" from Tulane University Graduate

"The X-Codes: A Post-Katrina Postscript", by Dorothy Moye, Southern Spaces, August 26, 2009

Four Years After Katrina, New Orleans Still Struggling to Recover from the Storm - video report by Democracy Now!

News Coverage, critical 26min. video compilation of cable news coverage as Katrina makes landfall - by Cultural Farming.

Imagining New Orleans Oral History Project Collection. Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

Wombell, James A. (2009). Army Support During the Hurricane Katrina Disaster (PDF). The Long War Occasional Paper. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-9801236-9-2.

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Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans - Wikipedia

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As the center of Hurricane Katrina passed southeast of New Orleans on August 29, 2005, winds downtown were in the Category 1 range with frequent intense gusts. The storm surge caused approximately 23 breaches in the drainage canal and navigational canal levees and flood walls.

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Everything you need to know about Mardi Gras, including updated parade routes, traditions, the best places to get Mardi Gras beads, masks, king cakes and more!

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( Read It! )

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Newsela | New Orleans and the History of Jazz

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The combining of cultures in and around New Orleans helped to create modern jazz.

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Newsela | Krewe of Confetti Kids: Mardi Gras fun for children, too

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Mardi Gras isn't just a holiday for adults.

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The krewe of confetti kids is held during the carnival season

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The krewe of confetti kids is held during the carnival season

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new orleans photography mardi grs - Google Search

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new orleans photography mardi gras new orleans photography mardi grs

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New Orleans Mardi Gras is also fun for kids

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New Orleans Mardi Gras is also fun for kids

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the people who live in new orleans play a lot of jass music

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the people who live in new orleans play a lot of jass music

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In New Orleans, the tombs are above ground,and have more than one person in one tomb,unlike other places.

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In New Orleans, the tombs are above ground,and have more than one person in one tomb,unlike other places.

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new orleans cemetery has tombs above ground and there is more then 1 person in each tomb. 

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new orleans cemetery has tombs above ground and there is more then 1 person in each tomb. 

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New Orleans has different people than New York

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On Mardi Gras, people throw plastic bead necklaces from parade floats,they used to be glass but they changed it to be more safe

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On Mardi Gras, people throw plastic bead necklaces from parade floats,they used to be glass but they changed it to be more safe

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Mardi Gras is very traditional. It has music, foods, costumes, floats, trinkets and more.

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Mardi Gras is very traditional. It has music, foods, costumes, floats, trinkets and more.

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its like a every day food
and tasts very good

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people on the floats throw plastic beaded neclaces

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king cakes might have babies in them because the baby represents a god.

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king cakes might have babies in them because the baby represents a god.

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In Mardi Gras they use 3 colors.The colors are purple,green and gold.

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The French Quarter is the city's historic heart famous for it's vibrant nightlife and  the colorful buildings and cast-iron balconies

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New Orleans: New Orleans Study
Essential Questions:

1. How are various parts of the United States similar to and different from each other?

2. What is life like in the various parts of this country?

3. How can talking to people about far-away places and studying maps, photos, videos and books help us learn about life in those places?

Give your group a name: Example: The Awesome Alligators
As you begin researching information on New Orleans, record your findings on Padlet so you can share your thinking with your group.

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King Cakes have baby dolls in them.

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Avatar of Emmanuel Preko
Emmanuel Preko
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Username:
Lblaustein@lowerlab.org
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