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I like how you asked questions on you topics too. This way people can think about it more. Overall its very good

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I like how you asked questions on you topics too. This way people can think about it more. Overall its very good

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Great job relating each paragraph back to Romeo and Juliet and to today

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Great job relating each paragraph back to Romeo and Juliet and to today

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One little comment doesn't also make an impact, but repeated offenses over time can break down their victim.
According to the research done by' Lucie Coullard.' Prejudice is belittling because people don't believe in you as a person, they see you as a color, they see you as a certain stereotype, see you as some character The people who are judgmental  make assumptions about and go off of what they have heard. A person who experiences prejudice is denied a chance to get the opportunity to explain who they are are share their story. They might experience shame, anger, sadness, withdrawal, and an increase in motivation to do anything. Prejudice does not only impact the victims but it affects the perpetrators that are in the firing range. This ties to Romeo and Juliet because there families hated each other just because one side had the name Montagues and one side was named the Capulets, but in the end they were all really related but didn't want to admit it because of how their families were raised. The main reason to why the families would not come together is because generation after generation the families have kept their separate names and have grown up to hate each other when really they just need to sit down and set aside there differences so they can grow and continue to know each other instead of going after each other out of spite. This relates to today because instead of everyone getting to know each other they go off of rumors they have heard or things that have held them back in the past instead of getting to know them and who they are as a person in the present.
http://www.collegian.psu.edu/news/crime_courts/article_a86ea0dc-270a-11e3-ad90-0019bb30f31a.html

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Naeem Holman compared being a victim of prejudice to erosion.

One little comment barely makes an impact, but repeated offenses over time can wear at the victim and tear them down, Penn State Black Caucus president Holman (senior-integrative arts) said.

"[Prejudice] is belittling because [prejudiced people] don't see you as a person, they see you as a color, they see you as a stereotype, see you as a character," Holman said. "And they don't see you as their equal."

Prejudice is the act of making general assumptions of a person or a community based on limited understanding, Senior Lecturer in Sociology and Co-Founder of World in Conversation Sam Richards said.

This action creates ignorance about a community and a generalization of a larger demographic, Holman said.

In 2012, there were five reported bias motivated incidents at Penn State University Park, according to the Office of the Vice Provost for Educational Equity reports. This number has dropped from the 12 reported in 2011 and the 22 reported in 2010, according to the reports.

But in reality, Penn State Police Chief Tyrone Parham said these numbers should be zero.
The impact on those affected
For John Sanchez, an associate professor in the College of Communications, prejudice is like a cancer.

"Prejudice makes the victim feel defensive and works on you like a cancer does on a person," he said via email.

Prejudiced people rely on stereotypes to inform themselves about what they think they need to know about a person, member of the LGBTA Student Resource Center Aaron Maiolo said.

"Prejudice is the gateway to hurtful and intentional racism, homophobia and inferiority and superiority complex," Maiolo (sophomore-English) said.

A person who experiences prejudice is denied a chance to explain who they are and share their story, Maiolo said.

They might experience shame, anger, sadness, withdrawal or an increase in motivation to make changes, instructor in Sociology and co-founder of World in Conversation Laurie Mulvey said. But prejudice can have a range of influences and it is impossible to predict the impact on each individual, she said.

But prejudice does not only impact the victims -- it also affects the perpetrators.

When people go into a situation pre-judging, they limit their potential experience, Richards said. With this attitude, the prejudiced person excludes themselves from opportunities to learn and grow -- not only is this harmful to their own growth, but it's also damaging to the growth of society and culture, Richards said.

Prejudice also prevents that person from a chance to learn about a community from that community's perspective, Maiolo said. It can divide a community and lead to harassment, abuse and violence, he said.

This attitude can leak into careers, health, safety and other institutional opportunities, Mulvey said.
The reason behind the hate
Penn State alumni and creator of the Penn State Black History website Darryl Daisey was a resident advisor of his floor when he had his own experience with prejudice.

During this time, he said he basically got along with everyone, but there were some incidences when his residences were intoxicated and they would call him degrading and racist names.

"I chalked it up to that people are not exposed....[Its] not hate but lack of knowledge... ignorance," Daisey, Class of 1983, said.

Mulvey said people are prejudice because of rumors, bad experiences, needs to process lots of information and to make quick assessments, especially in unfamiliar situations.

People often fear things that are unfamiliar with them then judge those things as bad, Mulvey said.

But ultimately, prejudice is spawned out of fear and lack of understanding the world, Richards said.

"We don't know and are unable to experience [everything], so we easily come to fear [things] because people tell us to," Richards said. "[So] we naturally form prejudice opinion without knowing a thing."

Therefore, people are taught to fear what others fear and be prejudice against what other people are prejudice of, Richards said.
The laws and prejudice
The United States provides equal opportunity to all people and laws are supposed to protect this right, Director of Penn State Behrend Educational Equity and Diversity office Andy Herrera said.

According to "University Park Policies, Safety and U," Penn State's annual security and fire safety report, hate crimes at the university include all the crimes listed in the report, but also includes evidence that the victim was chosen based on bias.

These biases include race, gender, religion, sexual orientation, ethnicity or national origin and disability, according to the report.

Hate crimes are regular crimes, but because of the prejudice aspect, the repercussions against the perpetrators are more severe, Parham said.

With hate crimes and crimes of bias, the action has to be proved purely motivated based upon prejudice towards an individual group, Parham said.

In Pennsylvania, an ethnic intimidation offense is defined as an offense motivated by hatred towards the race color, religion or national origin of another individual, their property or group of individuals, according to the Pennsylvania State Legislative Crimes and Offenses.
What's going on at Penn State?
Penn State offers nearly 1,000 student organizations, with dozens focusing on cultural, ethic, nationality, religious and other differences, Vice President for Student Affairs Damon Sims said.

When people are immersed in diversity, they learn about the world, Richards said. No one can do everything, but they can learn about different experiences from different people, he said.

If individuals value, embrace, support and empower each person, it not only would benefit the individuals, but also the society, Herrera said.

Contact with other people is one of the most important factors of exposure to diversity, Mulvey said.

Any activity or class that brings students together from divergent backgrounds reduces prejudice, Richards said. In these activities, people share different ideas, but also notice their similarities, Richards said.

"You can't harbor these prejudices if you sit down and talk to these people you have prejudices about," Holman said.

Penn State is a tolerant and accepting campus in comparison to other communities, but there still has to be improvement, Maiolo said.

Many people are not culturally sensitive and do not always realize something that they say can be hurtful, UPUA Chair for Diversity Emily McDonald said.

There are many opportunities for students to learn about diversity and prejudice prevention at Penn State.

The Penn State Police conduct media interviews and presentations in residence halls about diversity, Parham said.

There are classes including BBH 251: Straight Talk and World in Conversation.

And the University Park Undergraduate Association has a Diversity Council that meets once a month with different organizations around campus to gather input from a range of views, McDonald (sophomore-economics and international politics) said.

Also, UPUA is creating a video about the origin of the "We Are" chant and the connection to combating racism, she said.

"Its easiest for us to live inside of our bubble, we gravitate towards people who are most like us, that's just the human way," Richards said. "[But] it's important among individuals to step outside of that [bubble] and look for people who are not like them."

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the office of the vice provost for educational equity

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Naeem Holman compared being a victim of prejudice to erosion. One little comment barely makes an impact, but repeated offenses over time can wear at the victim and tear them down, Penn State Black Caucus president Holman (senior-integrative arts) said.

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Austin speaking i think you did good on giving us the info but i would like to see a little bit more of a connection with the novel. overall 8/10:)

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Austin speaking i think you did good on giving us the info but i would like to see a little bit more of a connection with the novel. overall 8/10:)

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A major place that people get judged and picked on is at a job just because of there gender. According to this article written by 'Harvard Business School' "Gender discrimination  in a typically male workplace is not necessarily driven by misogyny. Rather, employers are less willing to hire applicants associated with lower performing group-even if that group is defined by a demographic characteristic other than gender." There are many simple solutions to taking out gender bias advertisement. By welcoming everyone and showing the environment that the job is mean't for everyone no matter there gender, their sexuality or there race. They need to make sure that they know everyone is equal. This is related to Romeo and Juliet because the  families really saw no solution to them hating each other it was something that they grew up knowing and so it comes natural. They all had there own rules and there own roles as people and it was there decision to follow it or face the prince. This relates to today because you can go anywhere and just look around and see everyone judging each other; whether is be at the gas station, the laundry mat or at the grocery store at least one person looks at you and you can't really escape it. Our society has changed and so has it's people and there really is no way for us to improve since it's already a constant thought process. Lets hope we can improve our future people.

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Prejudice is a learned behavior but how much of it is being brought up at home? According to an article written by  "NoBullying.com" Parents are the primary teachers of their children so what is really being said in family households. "Our children, especially in their first few years of life, learn about the world through us. They learn social cues and pick up information about how we treat and think of other people who may be different than us religiously, culturally, ethically, socially. By understanding prejudice, how it is learned, and understanding how to face it, we can create a better future for our children in which prejudice is lessened, if not eliminated." Dr. Debra Byrens had found out that children who are much younger within the range of 3 to 4 year old's are able to start to form stereotypes towards others. "The negative attitudes are generally learned and developed the same way that the children learn other behaviors from their parents." This is related to Romeo and Juliet because Romeo and Juliet were grown up to know and to hate each other. They believed that they were completely different people and hated each other families because they were surrounded by the negativeness there parents showed towards the other side. Juliet never thought to see herself falling in love with someone who wasn't a Capulet and didn't realize it was Romeo until after to had developed feelings for him at the party. This related to today because everyone grew up in a different environment and not everyone knows everyone's story, you could of grown up in a racist household or a household where everyone is welcome nobody really knows except you. Most people judge someone off of what they believe in or what their family believes in but if you take all of those factors out and get to know someone for who they actually are you could be blown away but how much you really like someone for being themselves.
https://nobullying.com/prejudice/

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NoBullying - Bullying & CyberBullying Resources

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Prejudice is a learned behavior. As parents, we are the primary teachers of our children. Our children, especially in their first few years of life, learn about the world through us. They learn social cues and pick up information about how we treat and think of other people who may be different than us religiously, culturally, ethnically, or socially.

By understanding prejudice, how it is learned, and understanding how to face it, we can create a better future for our children in which prejudice is lessened, if not eliminated.

What is prejudice?

When asked to define prejudice you might stumble a moment. Understanding what prejudice is and how it differs from discrimination can be daunting.

Prejudice Definition or Prejudice Meaning: preconceived ideas about people "perceived as being different, due to race, religion, culture, gender, disabilities, appearance, language, sexual orientation, or social status."

Discrimination Definition or Meaning: the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Simply put, prejudice is the thought; discrimination is the action.

Prejudice can be overt or subtle. How have others defined it?

"Prejudice is like a hair across your cheek. You can't see it, you can't find it with your fingers, but you keep brushing at it because it is irritating." Marian Anderson, vocalist.

"Prejudice is a burden that confuses the past, threatens the future and renders the present inaccessible." Maya Angelou, author.

"Do you know what we call opinion in the absence of evidence? We call it prejudice." Michael Crichton, author.

"Prejudice - a vagrant opinion without visible means of support." Ambrose Bierce, journalist.

Considering these alternate meaning of prejudice can broaden our understanding and help us to be more introspective.

How is prejudice learned?

Prejudice is a learned behavior. Dr. Debra Byrnes has found that children as young as three or four years of age are capable of forming stereotypical and prejudicial opinions. She explains, "Initially, such attitudes are quite flexible. However, as children grow older such attitudes become more difficult to change." These negative attitudes are generally learned and developed the same way that children learn other behaviors from their parents, through association, reinforcement, and modeling. Media, such as television shows or negative stories in the evening news, can also play a large role in reinforcing negative stereotypes leading to prejudice.

Children learn and exhibit prejudicial attitudes differently as they grow:

Ages 3-6: Children learn about and are able to apply stereotypes to large groups of people. They can recognize overt discrimination.

Ages 6-10: Children grow to an awareness of other people's prejudices and stereotypes. As they grow older, they become aware of subtle instances of discrimination.

Teen Years: Teens internalize what they have learned as children and it becomes part of their adult psyche.

What does prejudice mean for you and your children?

We hope that our children live a life without prejudice. Life with prejudice, even extreme prejudice, is a life filled with hatred of people whom we do not even know. The Anti-Defamation League encourages us to " Imagine a World Without Hate " in which we could change history.

In a world without hate, many of the individual tragedies we have experienced such as the assassinations of journalist Daniel Pearl, Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, and Civil Rights Leaders Martin Luther King, Jr. and Natalia Estemirova would not have marred our world.

In a world without hate, Malala Yousafzai would simply be a Pakistani school girl going about her educational goals without enduring the tragedy of an assassination attempt.

In a world without hate, a German school girl named Anne Frank would have lived a full, rich life, possibly having children and grandchildren to carry on her messages of love and acceptance to the world.

What can we do to reduce prejudice?

Even though prejudice cannot be fully eradicated, we can work to lessen prejudicial attitudes in our families and diminish its effects on society.

Just as studies show that we, as parents and caregivers, pass on prejudicial attitudes to our children, we are also the most important force in preventing this transmission. Information that children receive from parents, caregivers, and teachers has a more profound effect on a child than information they glean from society at large. The opportunities for repetition of the positive messages about equality and diversity are also numerous and can work to overturn earlier negative social teaching.

Educators and parents should teach children about the existence of prejudice and discrimination so that children can recognize its existence, but it's more powerful to point out the positives of diversity.

Professor Will C. van den Hoonaard from University of New Brunswick at Fredericton, writes that simple interaction with other groups is not enough to overcome the messages they have internalized from parents and media. He identifies the following mainstays of educational and legal efforts to combat the effects of prejudice:

Education: Multi-cultural education presented directly or indirectly in the curriculum throughout the school years.

Legal: An emphasis on civil rights, enlightened immigration policies and mandates for hiring quotas.

Professor van den Hoonaard identifies a third sphere, the personal sphere, where the opportunity for a close web of loving relationships can also work to reduce prejudice.

Tips to reduce prejudice for educators include:

Make certain that classroom resources reflect various ethnicities, races, genders, ages and family situations. Books, posters, dolls, toys, etc., should be as diverse as possible which will help various students feel included and accepted as well as educate.

Make sure that public spaces are inclusive. Posters, messages, and decorations should be diverse.

Answer student questions directly and do not minimize differences in religion, race or other physical or cultural characteristics. Embrace these as an opportunity to teach about the diversity of the human population and the positive qualities we can learn from each other.

Use the diversity that exists in your classroom to embrace inclusiveness and incorporate it on a daily basis rather than simply celebrating a few holidays.

Do not expect discriminatory behavior to disappear overnight. Entrenched beliefs are difficult to counteract. Approach difficult situations with an open mind and help the parties involved to find common ground and see each other as valued individuals rather than only members of their group.

Tips to reduce prejudice for parents include:

Cultivate a positive self-image in your children. Children who have a poor self-image are more apt to develop prejudices in a way that makes them feel better about themselves by putting down the differences they see in others.

Discuss instances of prejudice and discrimination in the media or in your personal experience with your child in an unbiased way.

Cultivate personal relationships with all types of people.

Ask your child questions that lead to deep conversations about the differences that exist between people and how we can learn from each other.

Do not ignore prejudicial statements, no matter how young the child. "I don't like (that group of people)" coming from a three or four year old is an opportunity to teach your child to appreciate diversity.

Make certain that your child understands that prejudice is an unfair treatment of others.

Encourage your children to take positive action against prejudice when they see it in their schools, personal relationships, and communities.

Limit the exposure your child has to prejudice from the media and others at an early age. For example, if a trusted family member or friend regularly uses bigoted language, make it clear that language is unacceptable around your child or limit your child's exposure to that person.

Examples of Prejudice

If we are to prevent the "handing down" of prejudice to our children, what should we look for? Acts of prejudice, discrimination, and hate can be subtle or overt. When we encounter these events in the media or in our personal lives, we can discuss them with our children and work to reach a broader understanding of the world around us and its people:

Examples of pre-judging and individual or group without first-hand knowledge of the individual: "I don't want those people living in my neighborhood." Or "I don't want my child to go to school with those people."

Sharing jokes that put down an entire group of people.

Attacks on people, physical or verbal, based on their race, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual preference, age, etc.

Attacks against governments, religious institutions, or cultural landmarks based on prejudicial opinions.

Historical events such as the Holocaust, the Rwandan Genocide, or worldwide civil rights movements such as the fight against South African apartheid or American segregation.

These examples of prejudice mean that we can tackle them head on, in a case by case basis, to create a world that is better for our children and ourselves. If we can imagine it, we can create it.

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Are We Teaching Our Children Prejudice? - NoBullying - Bullying & CyberBullying Resources

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Are we teaching our children prejudice? In short, yes. Prejudice is a learned behavior. As parents, we are the primary teachers of our children. Our children, especially in their first few years of life, learn about the world through us.

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How would you feel if someone was running your country and made a bad impact on your kids?
According to an article written by 'Katherine D. Kinzler' recently her 2 1/2 year old daughter went up to her mom to ask her about a Trump video she saw that a lot of people were talking about and was confused to why someone who wants the run the country was saying such mean things and hurting a lot of peoples feelings. They keep asking themselves  "Are children adopting the negative attitudes that Donald Trump's campaign has too often promoted?" Someone who is running our country is judging people off of their race, their religion, their gender and their disability. This is related to Romeo and Juliet because the prince is the one who runs the Montagues and Capulets, he is the boss and is the one that makes all of the rules. He is letting the families go at each other and not making any effort to bring the families together to solve their differences. Someone who has so much power doesn't use it for good, the prince uses it to make sentences to those who did wrong and make sure the death rate stays down. Would you want someone running everything if they had no intention of trying to fix all of the negatives and focus on finding a temporary solution and not plan for the future. This relates to today because we are letting people be leaders who don't deserve it. Every school has a certain leader of every group and a lot of the time they are full of themselves and don't care about anyone else's needs. Every state has a mayor and every country has a president but when you stop and think about it all are the leaders you know really mean't to be a leader?.
https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/23/opinion/sunday/how-kids-learn-prejudice.html

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Gray Matter

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Credit Credit Marion Fayolle

Recently, my 2½-year-old daughter asked me about the Trump video everyone seemed to be talking about. Like many parents, I had made the mistake of assuming we were still in the soft and squishy baby days when she wasn't listening. But now she is listening.

I told her that a man who would like to be president said some mean things that hurt a lot of people's feelings. My daughter started to cry; like many children, she is sensitive. I hugged her and assured her that everything would be O.K.

But as a psychology professor who studies the development of social attitudes, I had to ask myself, will it really be O.K.?

At the second presidential debate, Hillary Clinton talked about the " Trump effect," a rise - anecdotally, at least - in bullying in schools. Are children adopting the negative attitudes that Donald J. Trump's campaign has too often promoted? Do they feel a newfound sense of permissibility in mocking people, as Mr. Trump has, based on their race, their religion, their gender or their disability?

It will take time for research on education to answer those questions fully. But past research from psychology suggests that a "Trump effect" on children's attitudes is very likely real.

Children are cultural sponges: They absorb the mores that surround them - how to dress, what to eat, what to say. This is a good thing, all in all, since a major function of childhood is figuring out how to be a proficient adult in a particular society. This means picking up on social norms. Unfortunately, this includes learning your society's explicit and implicit views of the status and worth of different social groups.

Developmental psychology research has shown that by the time they start kindergarten, children begin to show many of the same implicit racial attitudes that adults in our culture hold. Children have already learned to associate some groups with higher status, or more positive value, than others.

An association between status and group membership can be learned surprisingly quickly. The psychologists Kristin Shutts, Kristina R. Olson and Suzanne R. Horwitz recently demonstrated that in just a few minutes of exposure in a laboratory setting to information about fictional groups with differing socioeconomic status, children picked up on which groups were wealthier - and indicated that they liked those people better.

Gender attitudes, too, form early and can be influenced by subtle cultural cues. For instance, in experiments in preschool and elementary school classrooms, teachers were instructed to make a bigger deal of gender than they typically would. They treated girls and boys equally positively, but they highlighted that the two genders were different - for instance, boys and girls hung their art on different walls, and children were labeled often as being "boys" and "girls." Note that the children were not taught anything explicit about gender stereotypes. Yet after a few weeks, they started to endorse broader stereotypes about gender. For example, they became more likely to think that boys, but not girls, should become scientists. It seems that merely marking a category - suggesting to children that it matters - led them to pick up on cultural stereotypes.

It is also important to consider that negative information is particularly compelling to children. For example, my colleagues and I have found that when children learn about people committing antisocial actions, they remember those actions in greater detail than they do with comparable positive actions. Talking about entire groups of people as being threatening or dangerous, as Mr. Trump has done, is precisely the kind of language that children are likely to internalize.

Now, all hope is not lost. Our country has made progress on many issues of social bias, and younger generations tend to be more open-minded and tolerant of different groups than older generations are. Research by the psychologists Melissa Ferguson, Thomas Mann and Jeremy Cone shows that with sufficient countervailing positive information, even initially negative implicit attitudes about people can be unlearned.

But we need to remember that what's at stake in a Trump presidency is not just his policy choices, his approach to diplomacy and his having a finger on the nuclear trigger. Also at stake are the attitudes Mr. Trump's discourse would transmit to a generation of children. Electing Hillary Clinton, in addition to offering a wholly different set of policy positions, will also help teach children that America is a place where little girls can grow up to be scientists, and maybe even president.

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Gray Matter Recently, my 2½-year-old daughter asked me about the Trump video everyone seemed to be talking about. Like many parents, I had made the mistake of assuming we were still in the soft and squishy baby days when she wasn't listening. But now she is listening.