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Economic reforms established under President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the 1930s; designed to improve conditions for those suffering in the Great Depression

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A severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s, originating in the United States.

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The prevention by law of the manufacture and sale of alcohol; used as a rationing method.

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High taxes on imported goods in order to boost sales on domestic goods.

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Political concept where the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to regulate every aspect of public and private life.

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 Why did the world experience depression in the 1930’s? (WHII.11b)

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 Why did the world experience depression in the 1930’s? (WHII.11b)

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Causes of worldwide depression
• German reparations
• Expansion of production capacities
and dominance of the United States
in the global economy
• High protective tariffs
• Excessive expansion of credit
• Stock Market Crash of 1929

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Why did dictatorial governments emerge in Germany, Italy, Japan, and U.S.S.R. after World War I? (WHII.11c)

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Why did dictatorial governments emerge in Germany, Italy, Japan, and U.S.S.R. after World War I? (WHII.11c)

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Depression weakened Western democracies making it difficult for them to challenge the threat of totalitarianism

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What political changes resulted from the worldwide depression? (WHII.11b)

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What political changes resulted from the worldwide depression? (WHII.11b)

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Impact of worldwide depression
• High unemployment in industrial
countries
• Bank failures and collapse of credit
• Collapse of prices in world trade
• Nazi Party’s growing importance in Germany; Nazi Party’s blame of European Jews foreconomic collapse

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How did these regimes affect the world following World War I? (WHII.11c)

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How did these regimes affect the world following World War I? (WHII.11c)

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Led to communist governments around the world

U.S.S.R. during the Interwar Period —
Joseph Stalin
• Entrenchment of communism
• Stalin’s policies: Five-year plans,
collectivization of farms, state
industrialization, secret police
• Great Purge
Germany during the Interwar Period —
Adolf Hitler
• Inflation and depression
• Democratic government weakened
• Anti-Semitism
• Extreme nationalism
• National Socialism (Nazism)
• German occupation of nearby countries
Italy during the Interwar Period —
Benito Mussolini
• Rise of fascism
• Ambition to restore the glory of Rome
• Invasion of Ethiopia
Japan during the Interwar Period —
Hirohito and Hideki Tojo
• Militarism
• Industrialization of Japan, leading to
drive for raw materials
• Invasion of Korea, Manchuria, and the
rest of China