# data[].attributes.body
the family tree of harry potter and his friends

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
For all spells known to wizardkind.

A

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: Ah-bare-toh

Etymology: Portuguese for 'open'. Compare Spanish 'abierto'.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: Various, including: AK-ee-oh or AK-see-oh , AK-see-oh , AS-see-oh (US), and AT-chee-oh (Anglo-Catholic pronunciation)

Description: Summons an object towards the caster. It is able to summon objects in direct line of sight of the caster, as well as things out of view, by calling the object aloud after the incantation (unless the spell is casted nonverbally). This spell needs thought behind it, and the object must be clear in the casters mind before trying to summon it.[2] The caster doesn't necessarily need to know the location of the target if they say the name of the object to be summoned, such as when Hermione Granger summoned some books from Dumbledore's office simply by saying "Accio Horcrux books!" while in Gryffindor Tower.

Seen/Mentioned: Harry Potter summoned his broom to complete the first task of the Triwizard Tournament in 1994, and to summon the Portkey to escape Voldemort and the Death Eaters in the Little Hangleton graveyard in 1995. Also, in the Battle of the Seven Potters Harry summoned Hagrid when he fell. Molly Weasley used it to get the twins' candy. The twins used it to summon their brooms from Dolores Umbridge's office

Etymology: The Latin word accio means "I call" or "I summon".

Notes: The Summoning Charm is unable to directly summon exceptionally large targets such as buildings, or living creatures (except for Flobberworms which aren't considered to be worth summoning). It is, however, possible to move a creature by summoning things they are wearing or holding. It is also possible to bewitch items to become unaffected from this charm, as is the case with most bought goods.

Type: Charm

Description: Prevents people above or below a certain age from access to a target.

Type: Spell

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ah-LOH-ho-MOR-ah

Description: Unlocks doors and other locked objects.[7] It can also unlock doors that have been sealed with a Locking Spell, although it is possible to bewitch doors to become unaffected by this spell.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Hermione Granger in 1991 to allow her and her friends to access the Third-floor corridor at her school, which was at the time forbidden;[7] she used it again two years later to free Sirius's cell in her teacher's prison room.[8]

Type: Transfiguration

Pronunciation: ah-MAH-toh ah-NEE-moh ah-nee-MAH-toh an-a-MAY-jus

Etymology: Amato is a conjugation of the Latin word amo, which means "I love" or "I am obliged to". Animo and animato are both different conjugations of the Latin word animo, which can mean "I animate" or "I fill with breath or life". Animagus on the other hand appears to be a portmanteau of animo or "animal", and magus, which is Latin for "wizard".[citation needed] Overall, the incantation can roughly mean "My love brings me life, I am obliged to become an animal wizard."

Type: Dark charm

Pronunciation: an-tee-oh-kyoo-LAY-chee-ah

Type: Jinx

Description: Prevents Disapparation in an area. It is used to entrap an enemy in an area.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ah-PAR-ay ves-TEE-jee-um

Description: Reveals traces of magic, including footprints and track marks.

Type: Transportation

Description: Magically transports the caster to another location instantaneously. The destination is one that the primary user has been to or seen in some fashion previously. Can be used to apparate multiple people at once if holding each other. No incantation required.

Seen/Mentioned: Used frequently by Wizardkind to teleport between places.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ah-REST-oh mo-MEN-tum

Type: Conjuration

Description: Fires arrows from the caster's wand.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ah-SEN-dee-oh

Description: Lifts the caster high into the air. The charm also works underwater, propelling the caster above the surface.

Etymology: Derived from Latin ascendo, meaning "to climb".[12]

Type: Transfiguration

Pronunciation: AH-vi-fors

Description: Transforms the target into a bird.

Seen/Mentioned: Taught in Transfiguration class.

Type: Conjuration, Charm

Pronunciation: AH-viss

Etymology: The Latin word avis means "bird".

B

Type: Curse

Description: Causes uncontrollable babbling.

Type: Transfiguration

Type: Hex

Pronunciation: baw-BILL-ee-us

Etymology: Currently unclear, probably from English bauble.

Notes: This is likely the incantation for White sparks.

Type: Hex

Description: Allows the caster to disguise things.

Note: Though the exact effects are unknown, based on the name (and the fact that it is used in conjunction with a chameleon charm on certain cloaks, it is probably used to conceal a person or object.

Type: Charm

Description: Causes snowballs to pelt themselves at the target.

Type: Charm

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: bom-BAR-dah

Description: Provokes a small explosion.

Etymology: From the word bombard, meaning "to attack a place or person continually with bombs or other missiles".

Type: Charm, Healing Spell

Pronunciation: BRA-key-um ee-MEN-doh

Description: If used correctly, it is claimed that this spell will heal broken bones; this theory is supported by the etymology.

Etymology: The word "Brackium" is similar to the word "Break" from english, and Emendo seems to resemble "Mending" which means "Healing", the full meaning would be "Mending Breaks"

Type: Charm

Description: Increases the bravery of a teammate, increasing their performance against certain foes.

Type: Charm

Description: Conjure a bridge from thin air.

Seen/Mentioned: This spell was used by Ignotus, Antioch and Cadmus Peverell in The Tale of the Three Brothers to create a bridge over a treacherous river, a bridge upon which they met Death.[18][22]

Type: Jinx

Notes: This may be related to the Hurling Hex.

Type: Charm

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Cedric Diggory and Fleur Delacour in 1995;[25] it was used the next year by many students walking through the halls, because of horrid odours made by various pranks played on Dolores Umbridge.[11]

Type: Charm

Description: Produces a stream of non-bursting bubbles from the wand tip.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Professor Flitwick to decorate some trees;[19] the bubbles in this instance were golden. Used the following year by Ron Weasley when he broke his wand; these bubbles were purple.

C

Type: Curse

Pronunciation: cal-VOR-ee-oh

Description: Removes the victim's hair.

Etymology: From Latin calvus = "bald".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: CAN-tiss

Description: Causes the victim to burst uncontrollably into song.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: CAR-pay ruh-TRACK-tum

Description: Produces a rope of light used to pull objects towards the caster, or, if the target is fixed in place, to pull the caster towards the target.

Type: Jinx

Description: Attacks multiple opponents in close proximity to each other.

Type: Transfiguration

Description: Transforms cauldrons into sieves.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: SIR-cum-roh-tuh

Description: Rotates objects.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: SIS-tem uh-PE-ree-o

Description: Opens chests and boxes.

Etymology: Aperio is Latin for "uncover" or "open"; Cista is Latin for "trunk" or "chest".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: co-loh-VA-riah

Description: Changes the target's colour.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by fifth-years in their OWLs.

Etymology: Almost certainly a combination of English "colour" and "vary".

Type: Curse

Description: Causes irritation in the eyes, forcing them to swell shut. The Oculus Potion is able to counteract this curse. Dragons are particularly susceptible to this curse, as their hide makes them resistant to most spells, while their eyes remain vulnerable.

Etymology: "Conjunctivitis" is the technical term for "pink eye," demonstrating its effects of irritating the eye and causing it to shut.

Description: This spell causes the victim's skin to appear as though it was coated in cornflakes.

Type: Transfiguration

Seen/Mentioned: This maybe be the spell that caused Harry to turn his eyebrow yellow in 1996. Harry may have used this spell to turn his teacher's hair blue.

Type: Curse

Pronunciation: KROO-see-oh

Seen/Mentioned: Infamously used by Death Eaters Bellatrix Lestrange, Rabastan Lestrange, Rodolphus Lestrange and Bartemius Crouch Junior to torture the Aurors Frank and Alice Longbottom into insanity.[28]

Etymology: Latin crucio means "I torture".

D

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: deh-LEE-tree-us

Seen/Mentioned: This spell was only ever seen in 1994 when Amos Diggory used Prior Incantato to detect that Winky had cast Morsmordre using Harry Potter's wand.[29]

Type: Hex

Pronunciation: den-SAW-jee-oh

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: deh-PUL-soh

Description: Sends the target away from the caster. It is the counter-charm to the Summoning Charm.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: deh-SEN-doh

Type: Transfiguration

Description: Turns desks into pigs.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: dih-FIN-doh

Description: Used to precisely cut or tear objects.

Seen/Mentioned: Used twice in 1994, the first time being by Harry Potter to cut Cedric Diggory's bag in order to talk to the latter,[2] and the second time being by Ron Weasley to cut the lace from the cuffs of his dress robes in an attempt to make them seem less feminine. The spell was used a third time by Harry to swap the covers of his second-hand and brand-new copies of Advanced Potion-Making.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: dih-SEN-dee-um

Description: Used to open passages.

Etymology: There are numerous suggestions.

Notes: This may not be a spell at all in the strict sense but a password; however, when used for the statue of the hump-backed witch, one must tap the statue with their wand, indicating that it is in fact a spell.

Type: Transfiguration

Pronunciation: drah-KOH-nih-fors

Description: Transforms the target into a dragon.

Type: Transfiguration, Jinx

Pronunciation: DUCK-lih-fors

Etymology: From the English duck, and the Latin forma meaning "shape".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: DYOO-roh

Description: Turns an object to stone.

Etymology: Latin duro means "harden".

E

Type: Transfiguration

Description: This spell transforms the victim's ears into kumquats.

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: ee-BUB-lee-oh

Description: Causes the victim to be trapped in a large bubble.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: en-GOR-jee-oh

Description: Causes the target to swell in physical size. Its counter-charm is the Shrinking Charm.

Etymology: The English word engorge means "swell".

Notes: There is much speculation that this spell is the same as the Growth Charm, though this cannot be proven. Note that there is a difference between enlarging and engorging something, similar though they may seem.

Type: Dark charm

Pronunciation: in-GORE-jee-oh SKUH-las

Description: Causes the victim's skull to swell disproportionately.[10] This spell may be a variation of the Engorgement Charm, as they share the first word of the incantation. Its countercurse is Redactum Skullus.

Etymology: See etymology for above entry; "skullus" is Latin for "skull".

Type: Jinx, Transfiguration

Pronunciation: en-TOE-morph-is

Type: Curse

Description: Expels victim's entrails. Precise effects unknown. Invented by Urquhart Rackharrow.

Seen/Mentioned: When Harry Potter visited St Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries in December 1995, he saw the portrait of Urquhart Rackharrow, which mentioned his invention of this curse.[36]

Type: Healing Spell

Pronunciation: ee-PIS-key

Description: Used to heal relatively minor injuries, such as broken bones and cartilage.

Seen/Mentioned: In 1996, Nymphadora Tonks used this spell to fix Harry's broken nose after Draco Malfoy broke it on the Hogwarts Express,[37] Harry, in turn, used it to heal Demelza Robins' swollen lip after Ron punched her during Quidditch practice.[38]

Etymology: The word comes from Greek "episkeui" ("επισκευή"), which means "repair".

Notes: This is part of a family of healing spells.

Type: Transfiguration

Pronunciation: ee-POX-i-mise

Description: Adheres one object to another, as if they had been glued together.

Seen/Mentioned: This spell is often used by students to adhere each other's belongings to their desks (or, unfortunately, their hands).

Etymology: Epoximise comes from the English word epoxy, which is a type of adhesive.

Notes: This spell may be the Permanent Sticking Charm or a variation.

Type: Spell

Pronunciation: ee-VER-tay STAH-tum

Description: Throws the victim backward, similarly to being thrown.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ecks-PECK-toh pah-TROH-numb

Etymology: Patronus means "protector" in Latin; in archaic Latin, it means "father"; considering the form Harry's takes, this is interesting. The Latin word expecto means "I await"[43]

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ex-PELL-ee-ARE-muss

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Severus Snape on Gilderoy Lockhart during a live duelling demonstration during the first and last meeting of the Duelling Club in 1992.[40]

Type: Charm

Description: Puts out fires.

Seen/Mentioned: Charlie Weasley and his friends would use this spell should something go wrong in the tournament.[46]

F

Type: Charm

Description: Implants a false memory in the victim without them realising it was not originally theirs.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: fee-AN-toh DOO-ree

Description: A defensive charm which, based on the etymology, strengthens shield spells, and perhaps objects in general, in a similar way to Duro.

Type: Charm

Description: An immensely complex charm used to hide secret information within the soul of the charm's recipient, who is called a Secret-Keeper. The information is irretrievable unless the Secret-Keeper willingly chooses to reveal it, and only the aforementioned person can do so.

Seen/Mentioned: In 1993, it was explained that when Harry was merely an infant, he and his parents were hidden from Voldemort with this charm; from 1995 onward it was used to protect Grimmauld Place, and in 1998 it was used to protect Shell Cottage.

Notes: Although when a Secret-Keeper dies the secret they held can never be revealed to anyone else[47], in 1997 it is apparent that upon the Keeper's death all those who had been told the secret become keepers in turn.

Type: Curse

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: flah-GRAH-tay

Description: Writes in midair with firey marks.

Type: Charm

Description: Causes fire to tickle those caught in it instead of burning them.

Type: Transfiguration

Pronunciation: FLINT-i-fors

Description: Transforms objects into matchboxes.

Seen/Mentioned: In the 1980s, this spell was covered in third year transfiguration classes.

Notes: This may be related to, or the incantation for Match to needle.

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: fli-PEN-doh

Description: Knocks objects and creatures backwards.

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: flih-PEN-doh DOO-oh

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: flih-PEN-doh TREE-ah

Type: Charm

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: FYOO-moss

Description: Defensive smokescreen that hinders visibility.

Type: Charm

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: fer-NUN-kyoo-luss

Etymology: Latin furnunculus, meaning "petty thief", or English furuncle, a synonym for "boil".

Type: Charm

Description: Causes fur to grow on the victim.

Seen/Mentioned: Fred and George Weasley used this spell on each other.

G

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: jeh-MIH-nee-oh

Description: Duplicates the target. When used to duplicate objects indefinitely on purpose, is known as the Gemino Curse.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: GLAY-see-us

Description: Freezes the target with icy-cold air.

Notes: Not to be confused with the Freezing Charm, which merely immobilises things.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: GLAY-see-us DOO-oh

Etymology: From Latin glacies, which means "ice".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: GLAY-see-us TREE-ah

Etymology: From Latin glacies, which means "ice".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: GLISS-ee-oh

Description: Causes the steps on a stairway to flatten into a slide.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Hermione Granger to escape from Death Eaters.

Etymology: Probably derived from French glisser, meaning "to slide".

Description: Jet of green sparks that can be used to signal an emergency or as a minor duelling spell.

Seen/Mentioned: Taught in Defence Against the Dark Arts; When Hagrid, Harry and Hermione try to find an injured unicorn, Hagrid says that if it is found, they must send up green sparks.

Type: Conjuration, Dark Arts

Description: Conjures luminous green Gytrashes from the wand, which can be commanded by the caster to attack an opponent.

H

Pronunciation: har-MOH-nee-a NECK-teh-ray PASS-us

Type: Charm

Description: Repairs a Vanishing Cabinet.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: her-BIV-i-cuss

Description: Rapidly grows plants.

Type: Jinx

Description: Causes a traitor to break out in boils spelling "SNEAK" on their forehead.

Description: Offensive spells that follow their target with a constant speed after being cast.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: HOM-eh-num reh-VEH-lee-oh

Description: Reveals human presence in the vicinity of the caster.

Seen/Mentioned: Used multiple times by various people in 1997.

Etymology: Most likely from Latin homo, meaning human, and "reveal", though the classical Latin form would be hominem instead of homenum, which shows Portuguese influence ("man" is homem in Portuguese).

Type: Charm

Type: Charm

Type: Hex

Description: Transforms the target's tongue into a horn.

Seen/Mentioned: Harry Potter came across it while perusing the index of Basic Hexes for the Busy and Vexed in search of a way to overcome the dragon he knew he would have to face in the First Task of the Triwizard Tournament. He quickly ruled it out, however, realising it would only give the dragon yet another way to attack him.[2]

Type: Charm

Type: Dark Arts

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Lord Voldemort while creating his Horcruxes.

Type: Charm

Description: Reverses small amounts of time (up to five hours).

Type: Charm

Description: Used to make the target hover. It is one of the many lesser variations of the Levitation Charm.

Type: Hex

Description: Causes brooms to vibrate violently in the air and try to buck their rider off.

Notes: May be related to the broom jinx.

I

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ih-MOH-byoo-luhs

Description: Immobilises and stops the actions of the target. It works both on living and inanimate things.

Seen/Mentioned: Hermione used it 1992 to freeze two Cornish Pixies.[51] Horace Slughorn used Freezing Charms to disable a Muggle Burglar Alarm.[52]

Etymology: From the Latin "immobilis", meaning immovable.

Type: Curse

Pronunciation: im-PEER-ee-oh

Etymology: Latin impero, I command, and English "imperious".

Type: Charm

Description: Creates an invisible magical barrier on an object, such as a door. This barrier bounces objects off of it, and muffles sounds.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: in-SEN-dee-oh DOO-oh

Description: A stronger version of Incendio.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: in-SEN-dee-oh TREE-ah

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: in-FLAY-tus

Description: Inflates the target, filling it with air.

Etymology: The prefix 'Inflate' derives from the English verb "to expand with oxygen".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: in-FOR-m-es

Description: Informous is a spell that is used to complete one's Folio Bruti. A page with a brief description (including weaknesses and strengths) of the charmed creature is added to the caster's Folio Bruti.

Etymology: The prefix Info derives from the English verb "to inform".

Type: Hex

Description: Instantly scalps all the hair off of a target.

Seen/Mentioned: Harry Potter came across it while browsing the index of Basic Hexes for the Busy and Vexed, trying to find a way to fight the dragon he knew he would have to face for the First Task of the Triwizard Tournament. He quickly decided it would be ineffective, because dragons do not have hair.

Notes: This spell has similar effects to the Hair Loss Curse.

Type: Charm

Description: Detects intruders and sounds an alarm.

Seen/Mentioned: Horace Slughorn used it on a Muggle-owned house he stayed in temporarily in 1996, but did not hear it go off when Albus Dumbledore and Harry Potter arrived, as he was in the bath.

J

Type: Curse, Jinx

Pronunciation: loh-koh-MOH-tor WIB-lee

Description: Causes the victim's legs to collapse as if they were turned to jelly.

Type: Jinx

Description: Reduces the target's mental processes.

Notes: This spell may have been the spell that the Death Eaters hit Ron with in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix in the Battle of the Department of Mysteries.

Type: Curse

Description: Causes target's fingers to become wobbly, making it uneasy for the victim to grasp objects.

Seen/Mentioned: After a June 1999 Pride of Portree/Appleby Arrows Quidditch game, the losing Seeker accused his opposite number of putting this curse on him as they both closed in on the Snitch.

K

Type: Hex

Seen/mentioned: In Quidditch Through the Ages, Gertie Keddle uses this hex when a man playing an early form of Quidditch comes to retrieve his ball from her garden.

L

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: la-KAR-num in-flah-MAR-ee

Description: Ignites cloaks.

Seen/Mentioned:

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: LANG-lock

Description: Sticks a victim's tongue to the roof of their mouth. Created by Severus Snape.

Etymology: Probably from the French langue ("tongue") and the English "lock".

Type: Transfiguration

Pronunciation: LAP-ih-forz

Description: Transforms the target into a rabbit.

Type: Jinx

Description: Makes leeks sprout out of the target's ears.

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: leh-vee-COR-pus

Description: Hoists people up into the air by their ankle.[56] Created by Severus Snape.[5]

Type: Counter-Jinx

Pronunciation: LIB-er-ah-cor-pus

Description: The counter-jinx to Levicorpus.[56]

Notes: It is not clear why Levicorpus has a specific counter-spell, and is not neutralised by simply using Finite Incantatem, although this could be due to the fact that Snape invented the spell and therefore made it irreversible except by its specific counter-curse.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: loh-kuh-MOH-tor

Description: Allows a witch or wizard to levitate a target a few inches off of the ground and then move said object in any given direction. Similarly to the Summoning Charm, a specific object can be moved by calling the object aloud after saying the incantation.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Nymphadora Tonks in Harry Potter to move Harry's trunk from his room. Filius Flitwick similarly used it to move Sybill Trelawney's trunk after Dolores Umbridge sacked her. Parvati Patil and Lavender Brown used this spell to race their pencil cases around the edges of the table. A variation seen in 1998 is Piertotum Locomotor, which caused the statues of Hogwarts to be animated.

Etymology: Latin locus (place) and moto, "set in motion" (passive motor), or English locomotion.

Type: Curse

Pronunciation: LOH-koh-moh-tor MOR-tis

Description: Sticks legs together.

Notes: It is unclear whether or how this spell is related to the Locomotor spell. It could, however, be that the curse "locks" any part of the body in accordance to where it is pointed, or moves the body into a position of the caster's choosing whilst placing them into an immobile state. It is possible that Draco had pointed his wand at Neville and the curse "locked" his legs together.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: LOO-mos DOO-oh

Description: Creates a focused beam of light from the end of the wand. It is a variant of the Wand-Lighting Charm.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: LOO-mos SO-lem

Description: Produce a blinding flash of sunlight. It is a variant of the Wand-Lighting Charm.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Hermione to free Ron from the Devil's Snare. The incantation was only used in the film adaptation of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.

Etymology: Derived from two words; the Latin lumen, meaning "light", and the Latin word for "sun", which in its accusative case is "solem".

Notes: It is possible that the quality of the light is on the warmer solar end of the spectrum; Considering the known uses that the spell has been put to, it isn't that much of a stretch to presume that the spell is used to conjure Sunlight.

M

Type: Charm

Description: Partnership-based charm that temporarily increases the casters' spell power.

Type: Jinx

Type: Curse

Pronunciation: MIM-bull-wim-bull

Description: Ties the target's tongue in a knot, preventing them from making coherent speech, or saying incantations correctly, making it useful in duels.

Type: Charm

Description: Patented charm used by the Ministry for Magic to conceal certain areas from Muggle view.

Type: Dark charm

Pronunciation: morz-MOR-druh

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Bartemius Crouch Junior in 1994.[29] Also seen in 1997 over Hogwarts castle to lure Albus Dumbledore to his death.[60] It was apparently invented by Lord Voldemort.

Etymology: Latin mors, "death", and mordere, meaning "to bite" (or its French derivative mordre); this would appear to be associated with the name of Lord Voldemort's followers, the Death Eaters. The English murder might also contribute.

Notes: A possible translation might be "take a bite out of death", a fitting phrase for Death Eaters.

Type: Curse

Pronunciation: MYOO-kus ahd NAW-zee-um

Description: Gives the victim a nasty cold and an extremely runny nose that can cause the victim to collapse if it is not treated. The cold is accompanied with constant sneezing.

Type: Transfiguration

Pronunciation: mull-tee-COR-fors

Type: Dark charm

Pronunciation: myoo-TAY-toh SKULL-us

Description: Mutates the victim's head, causing them to grows extra heads.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Ancient Egyptian wizards, as noted by Ron Weasley in 1993.

N

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: NOCKSS

Description: Extinguishes wandlight. It the counter-charm for the Wand-Lighting Charm, Lumos.

Seen/Mentioned: In 1994, Harry Potter and Hermione Granger used this spell to turn off their wand-lights in the Shrieking Shack. Used in 1998 when Harry was in the passage beneath the Whomping Willow which leads to the Shrieking Shack. Lumos's power can be arranged so that a powerful wizard can make the charm illuminate intensely or to the wizards liking by loudness of incantation. For example "LUMOS!!!" would be powerful and "lumos" would be weaker. Also used by Harry Potter in 1998 to turn off the light so he could hide the Marauder's Map from Severus Snape.

Etymology: Latin nox, meaning "night".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: NEH-bu-lus

Description: Creates fog from the tip of the wand.

Seen/Mentioned: In 1927, Albus Dumbledore used this spell to conjure a fog in London to provide concealment for his meeting with Newton Scamander.

Notes: This may be the incantation for the Ministry of Magic Fog.

O

Type: Charm

Description: Mends eyeglasses.

Notes: This spell is a variation of Reparo.

Type: Charm

Description: Removes footprints.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Hermione in 1995 to remove the footprints that she, Harry, and Ron left in the snow while walking to Hagrid's Hut. Also used in 1997 by Hermione to remove the footprints she and Harry left behind them in the snow as they journeyed through Godric's Hollow.

Notes: The Obliteration Charm is only known to remove footprints. There is no explanation as to what effect it can have on other things. It could possibly destroy things, according to its name.

Type: Conjuration

Pronunciation: ob-SKYUR-oh

Description: Blindfolds the target.

Notes: This spell might only affect characters in paintings; there are no other references to this spell.

Etymology: English word obscure, meaning "unclear" or "unnoticeable".

Type: Jinx

Pronunciation: OR-biss

Description: Sucks the target into the ground.

Etymology: Orbis is Latin for 'circle', which reflects the spell's physical appearance.

Type: Dark charm

Pronunciation: os-SCOW-zee

Description: Seal someone's mouth shut, making it appear it was never there.

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Leta Lestrange on a girl from Gryffindor when they were both in their third year at Hogwarts. The Gryffindor girl was speaking ill of Lestrange behind her back until Lestrange emerged from hiding nearby, and muted the Gryffindor girl with this spell.

Etymology: Possibly derived as a portmanteau of os, Latin for "mouth", and clausi (a conjugated form of claudo), Latin for "I shut". It may additionally be a pun or wordplay on scusi, the Italian interjection for "excuse me".

P

Type: Charm

Description: Mends torn pieces of paper.

Notes: This spell is a variation of Reparo.

Type: Charm

Description: Gives the spell caster a highly-realistic 30-minute daydream. Side effects include mild drooling and a vacant expression.

Type: Hex

Description: Gives the victim fiery hot breath.

Seen/Mentioned: Harry Potter learned of this hex from Basic Hexes for the Busy and Vexed while researching spells to use during the Triwizard Tournament and decided not to use it against the dragon he would face in the First Task.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: pur-ICK-you-lum

Description: Produces a burst of red sparks.

Seen/Mentioned:

Etymology: Periculum is Latin for "danger".

Type: Charm

Description: Sticks objects permanently in place.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: PES-key PIX-ee PES-ter NO-mee

Suggested Etymology: English pesky meaning "annoying", English pixie meaning "a supernatural being", English pester meaning "to annoy", English no for negative and English me for the first person pronoun.

Notes: It is not known if the spell works or not. It also suspiciously sounds like "Pesky pixie pester no me."

Type: Curse

Pronunciation: pe-TRI-fi-cus to-TAH-lus

Seen/Mentioned: Used in 1991 by Hermione, who was trying to prevent Neville from stopping her, Ron, and Harry from leaving the common room to hunt for the Philosopher's Stone,[21] in the Hall of Prophecy during the Battle of the Department of Mysteries to petrify Antonin Dolohov who was pursuing him and his friends, and used on Harry by Draco Malfoy in the Hogwarts Express in 1996.[17]

Etymology: Latin petra, meaning "stone", and fieri (past participle factus), meaning "to become"; totalus comes from Latin "totus", meaning "complete".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: peer-TOH-tuhm loh-kuh-MOH-tor

Type: Spell

Description: Makes the caster's wand point due north.

Note: This spell may be an invention of Hermione Granger. Given that the incantation is English (whereas almost all other mentioned spells have incantations based on Latin or other old languages) and that none of the other champions of the Tournament seem to use the spell, it seems likely that Hermione invented the spell.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: POR-tus

Description: Turns an object into a portkey.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: pri-OR in-can-TAH-toh

Description: Forces a wand to show an "echo" of the last spell it performed.

Notes: Can manifest in the form of the Reverse Spell effect, or Priori Incantatem, when wands with the same core attempt to do battle.

Notes (2): Apparently the spell is cumulative, with the user able to go further back and see spells that the wand performed after the latest spell. Harry suggests this in 1997. Hermione does not contradict his claim, suggesting this is true.

Type: Charm

Description: Causes copies of an object to be remotely affected by changes made to the original.

Etymology: The English word Protean derives from Proteus, a god in Greek Mythology. Proteus was a shape-shifter, able to take many forms. As a result, the word Protean has come to refer to versatility, flexibility, or an ability to assume many forms. "Protean" is also similar to "protein", derived from the same root, meaning a variable, flexible substance which forms strong bonds between its constituent parts.

Notes: On Hermione's fake galleons, when the date changes, the coin becomes hot, alerting the owner to look at the coin. This may not be a feature of the original charm. It may be a Flagrante Curse, when the Protean Charm changes the coin the curse may activate. It would seem from this that you can decide what the effects on the charmed objects are. Possibly by saying something along the lines of "Protean flagrante." although this is just speculation.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: pro-TAY-goh horr-uh-BIHL-ihs

Description: A powerful shield charm against dark magic.

Pronunciation: pro-TAY-goh MAX-ee-Ma

Type: Charm

Description: A powerful shield charm against dark magic. A stronger and bigger version of Protego, especially when combined with other wizards casting it at the same time. Was so powerful that it could also disintegrate people that came too close and tried to enter it.

Etymology: Latin Protego, "I protect"

Type: Charm

Description: Causes purple firecrackers to shoot out from the tip of one's wand.

Type: Dark charm

Description: Causes yellowish goo to squirt from one's nose.

Seen/Mentioned: Morfin Gaunt used this spell on Bob Ogden.

Q

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: KWIY-uh-tus

Etymology: Latin quietus, "calm" or "quiet".

R

Type: Dark charm

Pronunciation: reh-DAK-tum SKULL-us

Description: Shrinks the head of the target. It is the counter-spell to Engorgio Skullus.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: re-DOO-see-oh

Etymology: English reduce, "to shrink". (Latin has a verb reducere, present tense reduco. This is the source of the English "reduce", but has a different meaning.) Also in Italian Riduco first person present tense of Ridurre, same root of Latin Reducere.

Notes: Whether Reducio could also be used by itself rather than countering Engorgio is unknown. If it could, it would shrink normal sized items into miniature versions of themselves. References in 1992 by Arthur Weasley to "shrinking door keys" make this seem likely.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: RENN-a-vate

Etymology: Rennervate means "to energise.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ruh-PEL-oh MUH-guhl-tuhm

Description: Keeps Muggles away from wizarding places by causing them to remember important meetings they missed and to cause the Muggles in question to forget what they were doing.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ric-tuhs-SEM-pra

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: rih-dih-KUL-lus

Etymology: Latin word ridiculus, "laughable" (but perhaps "absurd" or "silly" in this context).

Notes: The effect of the spell seems to rely primarily on the state of mind of the caster. It doesn't actually change the shape of a boggart into something humorous, but rather whatever the caster is concentrating on at the moment of the casting, as when Neville was thinking of his grandmother's dress. Presumably, Mrs Weasley couldn't take her mind off of her fears for her family, so the Boggart was changed into other members of the family rather than something humorous.

Type: Charm

Description: Makes boats row themselves.

Seen/mentioned: Hagrid used the spell on the row-boats at Hogwarts, to transport the First years from Hogsmeade station to the Boathouse. It may also have been the spell that he used to propel the row-boat that he used to take Harry from the Hut-on-the-Rock back to the mainland in 1991.

S

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: SAL-vee-oh HECKS-ee-ah

Description: Protects against hexes.

Etymology: Possibly derived from the Latin "salveo," meaning "to be in good health," and used as a form of greeting and farewell, and a pseudo-Latin derivative of the English word "hex"-hence, "Farewell, hexes!"

Seen/Mentioned: Harry and Hermione cast this spell to strengthen their camp-site's defences against intruders in 1997.

Notes: Possibly the Hex Deflection spells the fake Moody mentioned in 1994.

Type: Dark charm

Description: Makes the victim sneeze out sardines.

Seen/Mentioned: Rubeus Hagrid once had this spell used on him.

Type: Jinx

Description: This spell begins to transform the victim into a sea urchin.

Seen/Mentioned: This spell was used on 2 May, 1998, during the Battle of Hogwarts, by Percy Weasley on an Imperiused Pius Thicknesse.[31]

Type: Curse

Pronunciation: sec-tum-SEMP-rah

Description: Lacerates the target, as if they have been "slashed by a sword." Subsequently, the target can easily bleed to death from the wounds.[58] This curse was invented by Severus Snape, to be used against his personal enemies.[5]

Seen/Mentioned: Used by Harry in 1997 against Draco Malfoy,[58] and then later against both the Inferi in Lord Voldemort's Horcrux cave,[4] and Snape used it against George Weasley (was unintentional; aimed for a Death Eater that tried to curse Lupin) in the Order's flight from Privet Drive. Harry learned it in Snape's old Potions textbook. In 1998, the spell is said to be Severus Snape's "signature" spell.

Type: Spell

Description: Produces explosions

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: sih-LEN-see-oh

Description: Makes something silent.

Seen/Mentioned: First used by Hermione in 1996 to silence a frog and a raven in Charms class, then later used to silence a Death Eater that was trying to tell his comrades where they were.

Etymology: Probably Latin silentium, "silence". Also, silencio and silêncio (which is closer to the English pronunciation) mean "silence" in Spanish and Portuguese, respectively.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: SKURJ

Type: Curse

Description: Forces the victim to burp up slimy slugs.

Seen/Mentioned: In 1992, Ronald Weasley attempted to curse Draco Malfoy with this spell after the latter insulted Hermione Granger, but was unsuccessful as his wand at the time was broken, and thus his curse backfired on himself.[64]

Type: Charm

Description: This charm emits a magnified roar from the tip of the wand. This noise disrupts all in its path, and can even be used to harm opponents.

Notes: Not to be confused with the Amplifying Charm, Sonorus.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: soh-NOHR-uhs

Etymology: Latin sonorus, "loud; noisy".

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: SPUN-ji-fye

Description: Softens objects, making them rubbery and bouncy.

Type: Transfiguration

Description: Transforms writing quills into worms.

Type: Dark charm

Pronunciation: STEH-lee-us, or perhaps STEH-nee-us

Type: Jinx, Hex

Description: Stings the flesh of a target. This spell is also known as

Notes: Also known as the Stinging Hex.

Type: Transfiguration

Description: Switches two targets simultaneously.

Seen/Mentioned: Harry contemplated using this spell against his dragon in the first task of the Triwizard Tournament. He considered swapping its fangs for wine gums. Neville Longbottom misuses the spell, transplanting his ears onto a cactus.

T

Type: Jinx

Type: Hex

Description: Causes the victim to grow a tail.

Seen/Mentioned: When Miranda Goshawk had her Book of Spells printed, she gave copies to her sisters that had various misprints in them; one such misprint somehow gave her sister Romilda a tail.[16] Timothy Blenkinsop was hit with this hex when he was caught in the crossfire of a Puddlemere United vs. Holyhead Harpies riot.

Type: Charm

Pronunciation: ta-RON-ta-LEG-gra

Etymology: Italian tarantella, a kind of fast country dance once popular in parts of Italy, supposedly from the frantic motion caused by the bite of a tarantula; and allegro, a musical term meaning "quick".

Type: Transfiguration

Description: Transforms a teapot into a tortoise.

Seen/Mentioned: Third years at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry were required to cast the spell during their final exams.

Notes: May be related to the teapot to Teacup to tortoise spell.

Type: Hex

Description: Causes the toenails to grow at an extreme and uncontrollable rate.