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https://docs.google.com/document/d/1QXQLHrPGULD07_5ZA1Rn6K5dHoSEfe50uuZyCTkawRk/edit?usp=sharing

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The 'Triangular Trade' was the sailing route taken by British slave traders. It was a journey of three stages. A British ship carrying trade goods set sail from Britain, bound for West Africa. At first, some slaves were captured directly by the British traders.

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The 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas neatly divided the "New World" into the land, resources, and people claimed by Spain and Portugal. All lands east of that line (about 46 degrees, 37 minutes west) were claimed by Portugal. All lands west of that line were claimed by Spain.

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The French and Indian War was fought to decide if Britain or France would be the strong power in North America. France and its colonists and Indian allies fought against Britain, its colonists, and Indian allies. The war began with conflicts about the land. ... White people were destroying the Indians' hunting areas.

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The encomienda was designed to meet the needs of the American colonies’ early mining economy. With the catastrophic decline in the Indian population and the replacement of mining activities by agriculture in Spanish America, the system lost its effectiveness and was gradually replaced by the hacienda system of landed estates. Although the encomienda was not officially abolished until the late 18th century, in September 1721 the conferment of new encomiendas in Spain’s colonies was prohibited.

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In May 1607, about 100 English colonists settled along the James River in Virginia to found Jamestown. The settlers fared badly because of famine, disease, and Indian attacks, but were aided by the 27-year-old John Smith, who directed survival efforts and mapped the area.

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During the Spaniards' retreat, they defeated a large Aztec army at Otumba and then rejoined their Tlaxcaltec allies. In May 1521, Cortés returned to Tenochtitlán, and after a three-month siege, the city fell. This victory marked the fall of the Aztec empire.

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On August 3, 1492, Columbus and his crew set sail from Spain in three ships: the Niña, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. On October 12, the ships made landfall—not in the East Indies, as Columbus assumed, but on one of the Bahamian islands, likely San Salvador.

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Born in Trujillo, Spain c. 1476

In 1513, Francisco Pizarro joined Vasco Núñez de Balboa during his march to the South Sea, in which Balboa discovered the Pacific Ocean. In 1532, Pizarro and his brothers conquered Peru then three years later, Pizarro founded the nation's new capital, Lima.

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Born in Genoa, Italy, in 1451
the first explorer to establish a European presence in the New World. He was determined to find a direct water route west from Europe to Asia, but he never did. Instead, he stumbled upon the Americas.

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Born in Sines, Portugal c. 1460
In 1497, explorer Vasco da Gama was commissioned by the Portuguese king to find a maritime route to the East. His success in doing so proved to be one of the more important moments in the history of navigation.

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Born c. 1565, England
English navigator and explorer who, sailing three times for the English and once for the Dutch, tried to discover a short route from Europe to Asia through the Arctic Ocean, in both the Old World and the New. A river, a strait, and a bay in North America are named after him.

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Born 1485, Medellín, near Mérida, Extremadura, Spain

He was a Spanish conquistador who overthrew the Aztec empire and won Mexico for the crown of Spain.